摘要
生态安全是生态系统健康性和完整性的整体体现,其对气候调节、水土保持、生物多样性保护等服务功能至关重要。为了提升铁路沿线生态保护的精细化和动态化水平,按照“活力-组织力-恢复力-生态服务能力”逻辑架构,利用Google Earth Engine获取高分辨率遥感影像,结合土地覆盖变化、植被恢复情况、景观连通性等生态指标,构建区域生态安全性指数,全面监测盆地和高原铁路沿线区域的生态环境。研究发现,基于多维度生态指标的综合评估,四川盆地铁路沿线生态安全性指数整体显著高于青藏高原区域,但内部空间分异特征明显。其中,四川盆地东部受高强度人类活动影响,土地覆盖变化速率、景观破碎化程度及栖息地丧失面积均高于西部自然生态区;而青藏高原铁路沿线的高高程区域因植被覆盖度、生态恢复力等核心指标受限,叠加湿地退化与生态系统稳定性下降,成为生态安全风险集中区。
Ecological safety is the overall manifestation of the health and integrity of ecosystems,and its service functions such as climate regulation,soil and water conservation and biodiversity protection are crucial.In order to improve the refinement and dynamics of ecological protection,this paper followed the concept of the logical structure of“vitality-organizational strength-resilience-ecological service capacity”,used the Google Earth Engine to obtain high-resolution remote sensing images,and combined the ecological indexes of land cover change,vegetation restoration and landscape connectivity to construct an ecological system along the railway line.The study shows that,based on the comprehensive assessment of multi-dimensional ecological indicators,the ecological safety index of the railway line in the Sichuan Basin is significantly higher than that in the Tibetan Plateau region,but the internal spatial differentiation is obvious.In the eastern part of the Sichuan Basin,the rate of land cover change,the degree of landscape fragmentation,and the area of habitat loss are higher than those in the western natural ecological zone due to the impact of high-intensity human activities.The high-altitude area along the railway line in the Tibetan Plateau is a concentration of ecological security risk due to the limitations of the core indicators such as the vegetation cover and ecological resilience,superimposed on the degradation of wetlands and the decline of ecosystem stability.
作者
王一迪
WANG Yidi(China Railway Design Corporation,Tianjin 300308,China)
出处
《铁道勘察》
2025年第4期48-55,共8页
Railway Investigation and Surveying
基金
中国铁路设计集团有限公司科技研究开发项目重点课题(2024B0240109,2022BJH002)。
关键词
铁路
遥感影像
生态安全性
景观连通性
railway
remote sensing imagery
ecological safety
landscape connectivity
