摘要
目的 了解启东市从业人员沙门氏菌感染的分布情况,并对其血清型、分子分型进行分析,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法 采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)对启东市2019年21 696份从业人员肛拭子样品进行沙门氏菌初筛,参照WS 271—2007和GB 4789.4—2016检验方法进行病原学鉴定及血清学分型,使用脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulse-field gel electrophoresis, PFGE)进行分子分型,并对实验结果进行分析。结果 从业人员沙门氏菌检测总体阳性率为0.24%;其中男性阳性率为0.29%,女性阳性率为0.21%,性别间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.469,P>0.05);不同年龄段的阳性率不同,其中30~39岁年龄段阳性率最高,为0.42%,与其他年龄段差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.817,P<0.01);不同季节间阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.063,P>0.05);一年中各月份阳性率为0.11%~0.38%,月份间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.654,P>0.05);检测出的12种血清型,主要存在于B群中,以鼠伤寒沙门氏菌型为主;51株沙门氏菌的PFGE图谱分成50个带型,各带型间差异性较大,带型成簇与血清型不存在明显关联性。结论 启东市从业人员30~39岁人群检测阳性率在年龄段上存在显著差异;环境因素以及饮食习惯使沙门氏菌存在独特的地域特点;通过血清分型,发现其存在优势群和优势菌;PFGE显示分子分型呈多态分布,无聚集性感染现象。
Objective To understand the distribution of Salmonella infections among employees in Qidong,and to analyze their serotypes and molecular subtypes,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating the prevention and control measures.Methods 21696 anal swab samples from employees in Qidong in 2019 were preliminarily screened for Salmonella by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.The pathogenic identification and serological typing were carried out according to the inspection methods of WS 271-2007 and GB 4789.4-2016.The molecular typing was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE),and the experimental results were analyzed.Results The overall positive rate of Salmonella detection among the working population was 0.24%;the positive rate among men was 0.29%,and that among women was 0.21%,with no statistically significant difference between genders(χ^(2)=1.469,P>0.05).The positive rates for different age groups were different,the highest positive rates was 0.42%in the 30-39 age group,and there was significantly different between the 30-39 age group and other age groups(χ^(2)=7.817,P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference among the seasons(χ^(2)=1.063,P>0.05).The positive rates for each month of the year ranged from 0.11%to 0.38%,with no statistically significant difference among the months(χ^(2)=3.654,P>0.05).Twelve serotypes were detected,mainly in the B group,with Salmonella typhimurium being the predominant type.The PFGE spectrum of 51 Salmonella strains was divided into 50 band types,with significant differences among the band types,and no obvious correlation between the band type clustering and serotype.Conclusion There is a significant difference in the positive rate among the 30-39 age group employees in Qidong.The environmental factors and dietary habits contribute to the unique regional characteristics of Salmonella.The dominant groups and dominant strains are found by serotyping,and PFGE shows a polymorphic distribution of molecular typing,with no clustering infection phenomenon.
作者
季冬华
张海英
茅丽婷
JI Donghua;ZHANG Haiying;MAO Liting(Qidong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qidong,Jiangsu 226200,China;Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nantong,Jiangsu 226000,China)
出处
《中华卫生杀虫药械》
2025年第4期446-451,共6页
Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments
基金
2017年度江苏省人兽共患病学重点实验室开放课题项目(R1703)。
关键词
从业人员
沙门氏菌
实时荧光定量PCR
阳性率
脉冲场凝胶电泳
employees
Salmonella
real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR
positive rate
pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
