摘要
[目的]探究在相同生境下,果实产量差异显著的高州油茶植株在花芽分化期花芽形态及内源物质的动态变化,为调控高州油茶花芽分化,实现增产提供理论参考和技术支持。[方法]以连续多年产量差异显著的高州油茶植株:高产量植株(HY)、低产量植株(LY)为试材,对植株花芽分化期的花芽形态、花芽的可溶性糖(SS)、可溶性蛋白(SP)、淀粉、非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)及内源激素进行定量对比分析。[结果]高州油茶HY与LY花芽分化区间均在6月—10月,且LY在形态分化阶段更活跃,而HY在生殖分化阶段更活跃;形态分化期LY花芽NSC含量和可溶性糖/淀粉比大于HY,生殖分化期HY消耗了更多的SS,且C/N比大于LY;10月(雌雄蕊成熟期)HY花芽SP含量显著大于LY,高水平的SP能促进高州油茶成花;在花芽形态分化阶段,细胞分裂素(CTK)和乙烯(ETH)与高州油茶花芽形态分化呈正相关,而吲哚乙酸(IAA)与形态分化呈负相关;在生殖分化阶段,IAA、ETH和油菜素内酯(BR)与花芽生殖分化呈正相关,CTK与生殖分化呈负相关。在雌雄蕊成熟期,HY与LY的IAA、ETH、BR和茉莉酸(JA)含量差异显著。[结论]高州油茶HY与LY花芽分化重点时期存在差异,在生殖分化期高水平SS及SP有利于花芽分化,且在花芽分化过程中不同时期激素功能有所差异,CTK和ETH有利于高州油茶花芽形态分化,而IAA、ETH和BR则有利于花芽生殖分化。
[Objective]This study aims to investigate the dynamic changes in flower bud morphology and endogenous substances of Camellia drupifera plants with significant yield differences under the same habitat conditions during the flower bud differentiation phase.The findings will provide theoretical references and technical support for regulating flower bud differentiation and increasing the yield of C.drupifera.[Method]High-yielding(HY)and low-yielding(LY)C.drupifera plants were selected based on their stable yield performance over multiple years.A quantitative comparison was conducted on the flower bud morphology,soluble sugars(SS),soluble proteins(SP),starch,non-structural carbohydrates(NSC),and endogenous hormones during the flower bud differentiation phase.[Result]Flower bud differentiation in both HY and LY C.drupifera plants occurred between June and October.LY plants exhibited more active morphological differentiation,while HY showed more active reproductive differentiation.During the morphological differentiation stage,LY plants had higher NSC content and SS/starch ratio in the flower buds compared to HY.During the reproductive differentiation stage,HY plants consumed more SS,and the C/N ratio was higher than that of LY plants.In October,at the stamen and pistil maturation stage,HY plants had significantly higher SP content than LY plants,indicating that higher SP levels can promote flower formation in C.drupifera.Cytokinin(CTK)and ethylene(ETH)were positively correlated with morphological differentiation during the morphological differentiation stage,while indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)was negatively correlated.During the reproductive differentiation stage,IAA,ETH,and brassinosteroids(BR)were positively correlated with reproductive differentiation,while CTK was negatively correlated.In the final stage of stamen and pistil maturation,significant differences were observed in the levels of IAA,ETH,BR,and jasmonic acid(JA)between HY and LY plans.[Conclusion]Distinct differences in key stages of flower bud differentiation exist between HY and LY C.drupifera plants.Elevated SS and SP levels during reproductive differentiation promote flower bud development.The roles of endogenous hormones vary by developmental stage:CTK and ETH promote morphological differentiation,whereas IAA,ETH,and BR facilitate reproductive differentiation.
作者
刘祯
申春晖
温梦玲
奚如春
邓小梅
LIU Zhen;SHEN Chun-hui;WEN Meng-ling;XI Ru-chun;Deng Xiao-mei(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China)
出处
《林业科学研究》
北大核心
2025年第4期123-133,共11页
Forest Research
基金
广东省重点领域研发计划项目:广东大果高产本土油茶良种选育与利用((NO.2020B020215003))省市级。
关键词
花芽分化
内源激素
营养物质
高州油茶
Flower bud differentiation
Endogenous hormones
Nutrient substances
Camellia drupifera
