摘要
[目的]探究高寒地区不同植被类型水源涵养功能,以期为祁连山东段森林水文循环提供理论依据。[方法]选择该地区常见的青杄林、祁连圆柏林、高寒灌丛、高寒草地4种植被类型为研究对象,对其枯落物及土壤水文特征进行研究,利用主成分分析法确定不同植被类型水源涵养能力。[结果]青杄林枯落物蓄积量(4.60 t·hm^(−2))分别是祁连圆柏林(1.06 t·hm^(−2))、高寒灌丛(0.52 t·hm^(−2))、高寒草地(0.46 t·hm^(−2))的4.34、8.85、10.00倍;不同植被类型枯落物层最大持水量的变化范围为1.04~7.99 t·hm^(−2),有效拦蓄量变化范围为0.56~3.76 t·hm^(−2),表现为青杄林(3.76 t·hm^(−2))最大,祁连圆柏林(1.51 t·hm^(−2))、高寒灌丛(0.84 t·hm^(−2))次之、高寒草地(0.56 t·hm^(−2))最小;在0~40 cm土层,不同植被类型土壤最大持水量和土壤毛管持水量的最大值均出现在高寒草地植被类型区;土壤总孔隙度和土壤毛管孔隙度的最大值出现在青杄林植被类型区。[结论]4种植被类型枯落物及土壤水源涵养能力评价结果为青杄林(0.570)>祁连圆柏林(0.424)>高寒草地(0.402)>高寒灌丛(0.368)。
[Objective]To explore the water conservation function of different vegetation types in alpine region,providing a theoretical basis for forest hydrological cycle in eastern Qilian Mountains.[Method]Four vegetation types of Picea wilsonii forest,Sabina przewalskii forest,alpine shrub and alpine grassland were selected.The litter and soil hydrological characteristics were studied,and principal component analysis was used to determine the water conservation capacity of different vegetation types.[Results]The litter accumulation of Picea wilsonii forest(4.60 t·hm^(−2))was 4.34 times,8.85 times and 10.00 times that of Juniperus przewalskii forest(1.06 t·hm^(−2)),alpine shrub(0.52 t·hm^(−2))and alpine grassland(0.46 t·hm^(−2)),respectively;the maximum water holding capacity of litter layer ranged from 1.04 t·hm^(−2) to 7.99 t·hm^(−2),and the effective storage capacity ranged from 0.56 t·hm^(−2) to 3.76 t·hm^(−2);the maximum water holding capacity was found in Picea wilsonii forest(3.76 t·hm^(−2)),followed by Juniperus przewalskii forest(1.51 t·hm^(−2)),alpine shrub(0.84 t·hm^(−2))and alpine grassland(0.56 t·hm^(−2));within the 0-40 cm soil layer,the maximum soil water holding capacity and capillary water holding capacity were found in the alpine grassland,while the highest values for total soil porosity and soil capillary porosity were recorded in the Picea wilsonii forest.[Conclusion]Litter and soil water conservation capacity in the Picea wilsonii forest(0.570)was the largest,followed by Juniperus przewalskii forest(0.424),alpine grassland(0.402),and alpine shrub(0.368).
作者
王兴怡
赵锦梅
付殿霞
王子心
梁秦杨
李小刚
WANG Xing-yi;ZHAO Jin-mei;FU Dian-xia;WANG Zi-xin;LIANG Qin-yang;LI Xiao-gang(College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Liancheng National Nature Reserve Administration of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730300,China)
出处
《林业科学研究》
北大核心
2025年第4期94-102,共9页
Forest Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“祁连山东段高寒草地生态系统及其土壤水碳格局对灌丛化的响应与互馈机制”(32360378)
甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目“祁连山寒温性针叶林土壤水、碳耦合关系及其生态服务功能分析与评价系统研发”(2023CYZC-45)。
关键词
枯落物
土壤
水源涵养功能
典型植被
评价
litter
soil
water conservation function
typical vegetation
evaluation
