摘要
以潍坊市为研究区,设置103个地下水监测点,结合水化学分析、土地利用类型和自组织映射神经网络聚类等方法研究典型蔬菜种植区及周边地下水硝酸盐现状及来源。结果表明:研究区地下水NO_(3)^(-)-N均值为(36.97±30.53)mg/L,超过《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848—2017)Ⅳ类标准,点位超标率为52.4%,超标区域主要位于潍坊市中部和西北部地区,超标面积占比为45.8%;耕地主导影响型地下水NO_(3)^(-)-N质量浓度显著高于人造地表主导影响型,两者的均值分别为(39.23±32.04)mg/L、(30.63±25.30)mg/L,而Cl^(-)质量浓度则相反,两者的均值分别为(156.16±111.59)mg/L、(216.81±83.76)mg/L;地下水硝酸盐来源主要为农业施肥,其次为生活污水/粪便排放。建议采用科学合理的施肥方式,减少过量施肥,设置生态缓冲带,减缓硝酸盐的流失,提高生活污水收集处理能力。
Taking Weifang as the research area,based on the analysis results of groundwater samples from 103 monitoring sites,land use types and self-organizing mapping neural network clustering method,the current situation and sources of nitrate in groundwater in and around a typical vegetable planting area was studied.The results showed that the average concentration of NO_(3)^(-)-N in groundwater in the research area was(36.97±30.53)mg/L,exceeding the Class Ⅳ limit value in“Standard for Groundwater Quality(GB/T 14848—2017)”.The rate of sites exceeding the standard was 52.4%.The areas exceeding the standard were mainly located in the central and northwestern regions of Weifang,accounting for 45.8%.The influence of cultivated land on the mass concentration of NO_(3)^(-)-N in groundwater was significantly higher than that of artificial surface land,the average of NO_(3)^(-)-N mass concentration in the two types of land were(39.23±32.04)mg/L and(30.63±25.30)mg/L,respectively,meanwhile its influence on the mass concentration of Cl^(-)was significantly lower than that of artificial surface land,the average of Cl^(-)mass concentration in the two were(156.16±111.59)mg/L and(216.81±83.76)mg/L,respectively.The main source of nitrate in groundwater was agricultural fertilization,followed by the discharge of domestic sewage/feces.It suggested adopting scientific and reasonable fertilization methods,eliminating excessive fertilization,setting up ecological buffer zones,reducing the loss of nitrate and improving the capacity of collecting and treating domestic sewage.
作者
石瑞卿
鞠铁男
谢银凤
杜源凯
刘全波
马云云
SHI Ruiqing;JU Tienan;XIE Yinfeng;DU Yuankai;LIU Quanbo;MA Yunyun(Shandong Weifang Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Weifang,Shandong 261041,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Shandong Institute of Marine Chemical Engineering,Weifang,Shandong 261100,China)
出处
《环境监测管理与技术》
北大核心
2025年第4期54-60,共7页
The Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring
基金
国家重点研发计划基金资助项目(2023YFC3708900)。
关键词
硝酸盐
分布现状
来源分析
地下水
蔬菜种植区
潍坊市
Nitrate
Distribution status
Source analysis
Groundwater
Vegetable planting area
Weifang
