摘要
以青藏铁路沿线8个重要节点为研究区域,基于2000—2020年土地利用数据,运用InVEST模型分析研究区生境质量变化,应用FLUS模型对2030年土地利用进行多情景模拟。结果表明:2000—2020年,研究区建设用地呈快速增长,林地、草地呈减少趋势,耕地、草地、林地与建设用地转换明显,建设用地主要来源于草地和未利用地。与2000年相比,拉萨市、那曲县生境质量优呈正增长;生境质量良好中仅湟源、安多县微增,当雄县降幅最大,为24.28%。研究区生态退化度较高的面积均有所下降,可格尔木、湟源县占比仍较高,分别为21.51%、24.49%;那曲县生态退化度低的面积占比最高,达86.44%,安多县生态退化度中等占比最高,达27.62%。生境质量优的区域集中于林地、草地;建设用地扩张侵占耕地、林地,导致区域生境质量下降,生境质量较差和中等区域扩大。退化度高的区域集中在林地和水域,退化度低的区域集中在耕地和建设用地;青藏铁路沿线站点因人类活动和工程建设,生境退化度较高。
Taking eight important locations along the Qinghai-Xizang Railway as the study area,this research analyzed the changes in habitat quality by InVEST model based on the land use data from 2000 to 2020,and conducted multi-scenario simulation of land use in 2030 by FLUS model.The results indicated that from 2000 to 2020,the construction land in the study area increased rapidly,forestland and grassland were on a decreasing trend.The conversion between cultivated land,grassland,forest land and construction land was obvious.Construction land was mainly derived from grassland and unused land.Compared with 2000,the area with excellent habitat quality in Lhasa and Nagqu increased positively.Among the areas with good habitat quality,only Huangyuan and Anduo showed a slight increase,while Dangxiong had the largest decline,reaching 24.28%.The areas with high degree of ecological degradation in the study area all decreased,and the proportions in Golmud and Huangyuan were relatively high,at 21.51%and 24.49%,respectively.The proportion of areas with a low degree of ecological degradation in Nagqu was the highest,reaching 86.44%.The proportion of areas with moderate ecological degradation in Anduo was the highest,reaching 27.62%.The areas with excellent habitat quality were concentrated in forestland and grassland.The expansion of construction land encroached upon cultivated land and forestland,leading to a decline in regional habitat quality and an expansion of areas with poor or moderate habitat quality.The areas with a high degree of degradation were con-centrated in forestland and water bodies,while those with a low degree of degradation were mainly concentrated in cultivated land and construction land.The stations along the Qinghai-Xizang Railway had a rela-tively high degree of habitat degradation due to human activities and engineering construction.
作者
蒋鑫
仲俊涛
马勇洁
JIANG Xin;ZHONG Juntao;MA Yongjie(College of Geographic Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining,Qinghai 810008,China;College of Geomatics,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China)
出处
《环境监测管理与技术》
北大核心
2025年第4期45-53,共9页
The Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(42001263)
青海省自然科学基金资助项目(2022-ZJ-906)
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察基金资助项目(SQ2019QZKK2)。
