摘要
为明确硅藻土、生物炭及二者配施对稻田甲烷(CH_(4))排放、产甲烷菌(mcrA基因)和甲烷氧化菌(pmoA基因)群落的影响,通过盆栽试验设置无改良剂添加(CK)、添加全量生物炭(B)、添加全量硅藻土(S)、添加半量生物炭和半量硅藻土(BS)4个处理,在水稻全生育期监测不同处理的CH_(4)排放量,测定并比较其土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)含量、铵态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)含量、氧化还原电位(Eh)及mcrA、pmoA基因丰度和相关微生物群落结构。结果表明,B、S和BS处理在水稻全生育期的总CH_(4)累积排放量分别降低了23.47%、29.95%、32.51%;S和BS处理显著提高了土壤NH_(4)^(+)-N含量。4个处理的mcrA、pmoA基因丰度及mcrA/pmoA值均在分蘖期最高;与CK相比,B、S和BS处理全生育期的平均mcrA/pmoA值分别降低40.82%、49.78%、55.31%。与CK相比,B、S和BS处理的产甲烷菌群落多样性增加,甲烷氧化菌群落多样性降低。B、S和BS处理显著降低了甲烷八叠球菌科(Methanosarcinaceae)、甲基球菌属(Methylococcus)的相对丰度,显著增加了甲烷杆菌科(Methanobacteriaceae)的相对丰度;S和BS处理显著增加了甲基孢囊菌属(Methylocystis)的相对丰度。相关性分析结果表明,在水稻分蘖期、拔节期、孕穗期和成熟期,CH_(4)排放通量与mcrA/pmoA值分别在0.001、0.01、0.05、0.05水平上正相关。综上,生物炭、硅藻土以及生物炭和硅藻土配施均具有降低稻田CH_(4)排放的潜力,其中生物炭和硅藻土配施对CH_(4)减排的效果最佳。
To clarify the effects of diatomite,biochar,and their combined application on methane(CH_(4))emission,methanogen(mcrA)and methanotroph(pmoA)communities in paddy fields,a pot experiment was set up with four treatments:no amendment(CK),full⁃dose biochar(B),full⁃dose diatomite(S),and half⁃dose biochar plus half⁃dose diatomite(BS).During the entire rice growth period,CH_(4) emissions were monitored,and soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC)content,ammonium nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)⁃N)content,redox potential(Eh),as well as mcrA and pmoA gene abundances and related microbial community structures were determined and compared.The results showed that compared with CK,the total cumulative CH_(4) emissions in B,S,and BS treatments decreased by 23.47%,29.95%,and 32.51%throughout the growth period.Compared with CK,S and BS treatments significantly increased soil NH_(4)^(+)⁃N content.The abundances of mcrA and pmoA genes and the mcrA/pmoA value were the highest in the tillering stage across all four treatments.Compared with CK,the average mcrA/pmoA values in B,S,and BS treatments decreased by 40.82%,49.78%,and 55.31%throughout the growth period.The community diversity of methanogens increased,while that of methanotrophs decreased in B,S,and BS treatments.These treatments reduced the relative abundances of Methanosarcinaceae and Methylococcus,but increased that of Methanobacteriaceae;S and BS treatments further increased the relative abundance of Methylocystis.Correlation analysis results indicated that CH_(4) emission flux was significantly positively correlated with the mcrA/pmoA value at the significance levels of 0.001,0.01,0.05,and 0.05 in the tillering,jointing,booting,and maturity stages,respectively.In conclusion,biochar,diatomite,and their combined application all have the potential to reduce CH_(4) emissions in paddy fields,with the combined application of biochar and diatomite exhibiting the best CH_(4) reduction effect.
作者
田黎霞
李双龙
刘章勇
刘冬
蒋梦蝶
聂江文
金涛
TIAN Lixia;LI Shuanglong;LIU Zhangyong;LIU Dong;JIANG Mengdie;NIE Jiangwen;JIN Tao(Engineering Research Center of Wetland Ecology and Agricultural Utilization,Ministry of Education,Yangtze University/School of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China;Yuanan Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Yuanan 444200,China;Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Minerogenesis,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials Research and Development,Guangzhou 510640,China)
出处
《河南农业科学》
北大核心
2025年第8期69-81,共13页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42377287)
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2301000)。
