摘要
针对地铁车站火灾场景下人员疏散需求,文章提出一种基于多源动态数据的智能疏散决策方法。该方法综合考虑地铁车站建筑结构和视频监控设备部署位置,构建车站人员疏散路径网络模型。结合火灾发生位置信息以及火灾烟气蔓延的影响,制定安全疏散路径规划策略,并基于实时人流密度、疏散通道拥挤度和通道可用性等关键指标,提出动态规划方法。以温州地铁S1线某车站为例,设置2种火灾发生场景,将火源点位置和监控视频统计的人流数据作为输入。在路径拥挤度和烟气蔓延影响通道可用性的约束下,利用改进型Dijkstra算法动态产生车站人员安全疏散路径。通过对车站关键位置人流密度和烟气蔓延影响路径安全的实时监测,以及安全疏散路径拥挤度的动态计算,有效解决火灾时因人员恐慌导致的局部严重拥堵问题,提高人员安全疏散效率。该方法可为地铁车站智慧安全疏散管理提供指导性措施和建议。
Aiming at the evacuation needs of metro station under fire scenarios,this study proposes an intelligent evacuation decision-making method based on multi-source dynamic data.The method comprehensively considers the architectural structure of the metro station and the deployment location of video surveillance devices,and establishes a model of the evacuation route network of the station.Combined with the location information of the fire and the impact of fire smoke spreading,a safe evacuation path planning strategy is formulated,and a dynamic planning method is proposed based on key indicators such as real-time crowd density,evacuation path congestion level and path availability.Taking a station of Wenzhou metro line S1 as an example,two fire occurrence scenarios are set up,and the location of the fire source point and the crowd data counted by the surveillance video are taken as inputs.Under the constraints of path congestion and path availability affected by smoke spreading,the improved Dijkstra algorithm is utilized to dynamically generate safe evacuation paths for station personnel.Through the real-time monitoring of crowd density and path safety affected by smoke spreading at key locations in the station,as well as the dynamic calculation of safety evacuation path congestion,the problem of severe localized congestion due to personnel panic in case of a fire is effectively solved,and the efficiency of personnel safety evacuation is improved.The method could provide guidance measures and suggestions for intelligent safety evacuation management in metro stations.
作者
曹锋
辛莅祚
朱梦瑶
CAO Feng;XIN Lizuo;ZHU Mengyao(Zhejiang Rail Transit Operation Management Group Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014,China)
出处
《现代城市轨道交通》
2025年第8期87-94,共8页
Modern Urban Transit
基金
浙江省交通运输重大研发项目(ZJXL-SJT-202315A2)。
关键词
地铁车站
人流密度
通道拥挤度
通道可用性
疏散路径网络
疏散路径动态规划
metro station
crowd density
path congestion level
path availability
evacuation route network
dynamic evacuation route planning
