摘要
海砂是兼具经济价值与生态价值的重要资源,在我国经济建设和海洋生态保护中具有重要地位。近年来,随着对海砂需求的不断增长,我国在开发利用海砂资源的过程中暴露出一系列问题。本文从技术、经济、生态、制度、政策和法律6个方面系统分析了我国海砂资源开发利用面临的主要挑战:技术层面,淡化工艺落后影响资源质量;经济层面,资源利用率低与市场供需错配;生态层面,不合理采砂破坏海洋环境平衡;制度层面,海砂规划与社会监督不足;政策层面,约束乏力与激励匮乏;法律层面,法规碎片化与执法薄弱。为了应对上述挑战,本文提出了多维度的综合对策:技术升级,优化淡化工艺提升资源品质;经济优化,加强资源循环利用与市场化运作;生态治理,规范开采行为加强环境修复;制度完善,规范规划管理与强化公众监督;政策驱动,加大惩戒力度与强化激励导向;法律保障,健全法律体系与加大执法力度。通过以上措施,旨在实现海砂资源的可持续开发与利用,为保障海洋生态安全与推动经济高质量发展提供理论支持与实践指导。
Marine sand is a critical resource with both economic and ecological value,playing a significant role in China's economic development and marine ecological protection.In recent years,increasing demand for marine sand has exposed various challenges in its development and utilization.This study systematically analyzes these challenges from six dimensions:technology,economy,ecology,institutional frameworks,policies,and legal systems.On the technical front,outdated desalination techniques hinder resource quality;economically,low resource utilization and market supply-demand mismatches prevail;ecologically,improper sand extraction disrupts the balance of marine ecosystems;institutionally,planning and public supervision mechanisms are inadequate;in terms of policies,constraints are weak and incentives are insufficient;legally,fragmented regulations and weak enforcement remain issues.To address these challenges,the study proposes a multidimensional framework of countermeasures:upgrading technology by optimizing desalination techniques to improve resource quality;optimizing the economy through enhanced resource recycling and market-oriented operations;ecological management by regulating extraction activities and strengthening environmental restoration;institutional improvements by standardizing resource planning and enhancing public oversight;policy incentives by increasing deterrence and promoting incentive mechanisms;and legal safeguards by establishing a comprehensive legal framework and strengthening enforcement capacity.These measures aim to achieve sustainable development and utilization of marine sand resources,ensuring marine ecological security and supporting high-quality economic growth.
作者
杨振姣
赵晓阳
陈尚
陈博扬
YANG Zhenjiao;ZHAO Xiaoyang;CHEN Shang;CHEN Boyang(School of International Affairs and Public Administration,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;First Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao 266061,China;School of Engineering,Vanderbilt University,Tennessee,Nashville 37240,USA)
出处
《海洋经济》
2025年第3期46-53,共8页
Marine Economy
基金
山东省社会科学规划重大项目[24AZBJ02]。
关键词
海砂资源
开发利用
技术升级
经济优化
生态治理
制度完善
政策驱动
法律保障
marine sand resources
development and utilization
technological upgrading
economic optimization
ecological management
institutional improvement
policy incentives
legal safeguards
