摘要
【目的】通过对植物工厂技术领域2006—2024年专利数据的分析,揭示其技术发展现状、创新趋势及地域分布特征,为植物工厂产业的可持续发展提供数据支撑和决策参考。【方法】基于IncoPat专利数据库,采用高级检索方式,对植物工厂技术专利申请趋势、申请人排名及类型、省市地域分布等情况进行分析。【结果】我国植物工厂技术自2006年起步,2010—2015年为蓄势发展期,2015—2018年进入技术爆发期,2018年后专利申请量逐年下降,表明技术可能进入新的发展阶段。专利类型中,实用新型专利占比达71.6%,失效专利占比达57.3%。其中,70%因未缴年费失效,可见部分专利缺乏商业化价值。申请人以企业为主,占比52.96%,但学校和个人专利申请分散化特征明显。专利申请活跃的机构多为高校和企业,实用新型专利占比高,技术转化率低。地域分布上,东南沿海地区是核心发展区域,中西部地区相对滞后。【结论】随着科学技术的高速发展,植物工厂将逐步从“生产工具”升级为“生态系统”,成建设智慧城市和实现“碳中和”目标的核心环节。
[Purposes]Through the analysis of patent data in the field of plant factory technology from 2006 to 2024,this paper reveals its technological development status,innovation trend,and geographical distribution characteristics,providing data support and decision-making reference for the sustainable de⁃velopment of the plant factory industry.[Methods]Based on the IncoPat patent database,the application trend of plant factory technology patents,the ranking and types of applicants,and the geographical distri⁃bution of provinces and cities were analyzed using an advanced retrieval method.[Findings]China′s plant factory technology started in 2006.The period from 2010 to 2015 was a phase of potential develop⁃ment,while 2015—2018 saw a technological explosion.After 2018,patent applications declined yearly,indicating the technology may have entered a new stage.Among patent types,utility models accounted for 71.6%,and invalid patents reached 57.3%,with 70%invalid due to unpaid annual fees,reflecting limited commercial value.Enterprises dominated applicants(52.96%),but schools and individuals showed decentralized patterns.Active applicants were primarily universities and enterprises,with high utility model ratios but low technology conversion rates.Geographically,the southeast coastal region was the core development area,while the central and western regions lagged.[Conclusions]With rapid tech⁃nological advancements,plant factories will evolve from"production tools"to"ecosystems",becoming a core link in smart cities and achieving carbon neutrality goals.
作者
张硕
ZHANG Shuo(Library of Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,China)
出处
《河南科技》
2025年第15期126-130,共5页
Henan Science and Technology
