摘要
【目的】发展未来能源不仅是当前国际竞争的焦点,也是我国构建新型能源体系、高质量推进中国式现代化建设的必由之路。基于此,探讨了未来能源技术类别、研究现状以及未来发展趋势,旨在为相关领域的研究和政策制定提供参考。【方法】基于国际权威机构报告及全球典型项目数据,采用多维度分析方法,系统介绍了绿色低碳电源、生物能、合成烃燃料及氢能的全球研发现状。通过技术成熟度分级框架,结合经济性指标、政策支持力度及商业化案例,重点解析了各技术路线的关键突破、应用瓶颈与协同潜力,并构建了跨技术类别的能源转型路线图谱。【结果】随着技术进步和政策支持力度增大,可再生能源在电力结构中的占比得到显著提升,成为主要电源的进程持续加快。同时,生物能、氢能、合成烃燃料、可控核聚变等新兴技术的发展将为能源转型提供新的解决方案。【结论】研究结果为推动能源绿色低碳转型提供了科学依据,对能源领域相关人员研究和制定相关政策具有重要参考价值。
[Objectives]Developing future energy is both a current focus of international competition and an essential pathway for China to build a new-type energy system and advance Chinese-style modernization with highquality development.Therefore,this study explores the categories,research status,and future development trends of energy technologies,aiming to provide references for research and policy making in related fields.[Methods]Based on reports from international authoritative institutions and data from typical global projects,multidimensional analysis methods are used to systematically introduce the global R&D status of green low-carbon power sources,bioenergy,synthetic hydrocarbon fuels,and hydrogen energy.Through the technology readiness level framework,combined with economic indicators,policy support,and commercial case studies,this study focuses on analyzing the key breakthroughs,application bottlenecks,and synergistic potential of different technological pathways,and establishes a systematic cross-technological roadmap for energy transition.[Results]Driven by technological advancements and policy support increase,the proportion of renewable energy in the power structure has significantly increased,accelerating the transition toward becoming the main power source.Additionally,the development of emerging technologies including bioenergy,hydrogen energy,synthetic hydrocarbon fuels,and controlled nuclear fusion will provide new solutions for energy transition.[Conclusions]The findings provide a scientific basis for promoting green and low-carbon energy transition,offering important references for researchers and policymakers in the energy field.
作者
龙潇
张晋宾
陈令特
LONG Xiao;ZHANG Jinbin;CHEN Lingte(China Three Gorges International Corporation,Tongzhou District,Beijing 101109,China;China Electric Power Planning and Engineering Institute,Xicheng District,Beijing 100120,China)
出处
《发电技术》
2025年第4期651-693,共43页
Power Generation Technology
关键词
新型能源体系
能源转型
碳中和
低碳
发电技术
可再生能源
生物能
氢能
合成烃燃料
可控核聚变
new-type energy system
energy transition
carbon neutrality
low-carbon
power generation technology
renewable energy
bioenergy
hydrogen energy
synthetic hydrocarbon fuels
controlled nuclear fusion
