摘要
【目的】在“双碳”背景下,为了优化运行设备,减少系统成本和碳排放,实现合成氨反应全过程氨气的综合利用,构建了氨制冷和火电机组联合运行模型。【方法】首先通过电解水和对空气进行变压吸附从而获得电转氨的反应物,整个电转氨系统的电能由可再生能源风电供给,探究高波动性风力发电场景下如何实现经济低碳运行;其次将液氨转化成纯氨的吸热环节与氨制冷联系起来,将冷能梯级利用,并将反应物纯氨输送到火电机组中形成掺氨火电机组,对火电机组掺氨效益进行探究;然后对比分析了不同风电渗透率下系统的调度策略,提出了基于阶梯式碳交易的市场政策以及和碳捕集与封存市场技术相结合的低碳经济调度策略,建立阶梯式碳交易模型对系统的碳排放进行合理约束;最后提出了以购气成本、碳交易成本、弃风成本、煤耗成本、启停成本和电转氨运行成本之和最低为目标函数的优化策略。【结果】通过设置多个场景对比,结果表明所提策略可以合理调配各机组出力,消纳弃风量以及提升综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)运行的经济性。【结论】电转氨系统考虑氨制冷方式兼顾了经济和环保效益,而作为制冷剂与燃料的氨气,与火电机组的结合有助于传统火电走出碳锁定困境。
[Objective]In the context of dual carbon,this study aims to construct a joint model of ammonia refrigeration and thermal power units to optimize operating equipment,reduce system costs and carbon emissions,and achieve comprehensive utilization of ammonia throughout the entire process of synthetic ammonia reaction.[Methods]First,the reactants for electric to ammonia conversion were obtained through the electrolysis of water and pressure swing adsorption of air.The entire electric to ammonia conversion system was powered by renewable energy wind power,exploring ways to achieve economic and low-carbon operation in high volatility wind power scenarios.Second,the endothermic process of converting liquid ammonia into pure ammonia was linked to ammonia refrigeration,utilizing the cooling energy in a cascade manner.The reactant pure ammonia was then transported to the thermal power unit to form an ammonia blending thermal power unit,exploring the benefits of ammonia blending in thermal power units.Subsequently,the scheduling strategies of the system under different wind power penetration rates were compared and analyzed,and a market policy based on stepped carbon trading and a low-carbon economic scheduling strategy combined with carbon capture and storage market technology was proposed.A stepped carbon trading model was established to reasonably constrain the carbon emissions of the system.Finally,an optimization strategy was proposed with the objective function of minimizing the sum of gas purchase,carbon trading,wind power curtailment,coal consumption,start stop,and electricity to ammonia operation costs.[Results]By setting multiple scenarios for comparison,the results showed that the proposed strategy could reasonably allocate the output of each unit,absorb the waste air volume,and improve the economic efficiency of the integrated energy system operation.[Conclusions]The electric to ammonia conversion system considers both economic and environmental benefits when considering ammonia refrigeration,whereas the combination of ammonia gas as a refrigerant and fuel with thermal power units can help traditional thermal power plants overcome the carbon locking dilemma.
作者
初壮
袁继新
CHU Zhuang;YUAN Jixin(School of Electrical Engineering,Northeast Electric Power University,Jilin 132012,Jilin Province,China)
出处
《电力建设》
北大核心
2025年第8期92-104,共13页
Electric Power Construction
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52077030)。
关键词
氨制冷
电转氨
火电掺氨
综合能源系统
低碳经济调度
ammonia refrigeration
power to ammonia
ammonia-mixed coal power generation
integrated energy system
low carbon economic dispatch
