摘要
本文对铰接式重型车辆的液压转向系统进行剖析,液压油通过泵的作用从液压油箱中被吸出,输送至转向控制阀和液压油缸中,进而实现油缸动作;通过油缸带动前后铰接底盘,使之发生相对转动,进而实现转向效果。为了深入了解液压转向系统的性能,构建了与之相关的数学模型、分析了铰接式重型车辆在不同工况下的转向性能。结果表明,在液压系统中泵的排量、阀的开度、节流口大小、发动机转数等参数共同影响着转向幅度和速率;而泵体、阀体等液压元件的内部结构、参数是影响流量和压力的关键,其型号需要结合数学模型来进行选择。同时,液压控制系统的准确度、底盘铰接位置的机械结构、轮胎特性、驾驶员操作熟悉性等因素共同影响着铰接车辆的转向力和关节阻力,对车辆转向性能起决定性作用。
This paper dissects the hydraulic steering system of articulated heavy vehicles.Hydraulic oil is drawn from the hydraulic oil tank by the pump and delivered to the steering control valve and hydraulic cylinder,thereby enabling the cylinder to act.The cylinder then drives the front and rear articulated chassis to rotate relatively,achieving the steering effect.To gain a deeper understanding of the performance of the hydraulic steering system,a related mathematical model was constructed and the steering performance of articulated heavy vehicles under different working conditions was analyzed.The results show that parameters such as the pump’s displacement,valve opening,throttle orifice size,and engine speed in the hydraulic system jointly affect the steering angle and rate.Meanwhile,the internal structure and parameters of hydraulic components such as the pump and valve are key factors influencing flow and pressure,and their models need to be selected in combination with the mathematical model.At the same time,the accuracy of the hydraulic control system,the mechanical structure of the chassis articulation position,tire characteristics,and the driver’s familiarity with operation jointly affect the steering force and joint resistance of articulated vehicles,playing a decisive role in the vehicle’s steering performance.
作者
赵伟
ZHAO Wei(Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences,Harbin 150081,China)
出处
《农机使用与维修》
2025年第8期113-116,共4页
Agricultural Machinery Using & Maintenance
关键词
铰接式
液压转向
数学模型
转向性能
articulated type
hydraulic steering
mathematical model
steering performance
