摘要
针对宁夏引黄灌区地下水位高引起苜蓿营养生长过盛,限制了其生殖生长,造成种子产量低等问题,试验采用单因素随机区组设计,于2022年9月在紫花苜蓿种子田间作小黑麦,小黑麦的播量设置5个水平,分别为90(IMS_(1))、135(IMS_(2))、180(IMS3)、225(IMS_(4))、270 kg·hm^(-2)(IMS5),苜蓿单播为对照(SM),研究了不同播量小黑麦与紫花苜蓿间作对第一茬牧草产量、水分利用以及第2茬紫花苜蓿种子生产性能的影响。结果表明:小黑麦与紫花苜蓿间作其总干草产量和粗蛋白产量较紫花苜蓿单作平均提高了25.71%和6.62%。小黑麦与紫花苜蓿间作可促进复合群体用水,提高水分利用效率,为第2茬紫花苜蓿种子收获提供适宜的土壤水分环境,进而促进植株的个体发育和种子产量。其中间作群体耗水量较紫花苜蓿单作均显著提高,且在IMS_(4)处理下,耗水量达到最大,为455.72 mm。同时,在IMS_(4)处理下苜蓿实际种子产量达到最高,为448 kg·hm^(-2),较紫花苜蓿单作提高了28.33%。因此,小黑麦播种量为225 kg·hm^(-2)时与紫花苜蓿种子田间作有利于提高第一茬草地生产性能和水分利用效率,同时对第2茬紫花苜蓿种子生产具有明显的正效应。
The high water table in the diverted irrigation area of Ningxia causes low seed yield of alfalfa(Medicago sativa),because the excessive nutrient supply favors its vegetative growth and limits its reproductive growth.We conducted a field experiment to explore whether intercropping with triticale(Triticosecale)could address this issue.The field experiment began in September 2022,and had a one-way randomized block design,with triticale intercropped with alfalfa.Five seeding rates of triticale were tested,namely:90(IMS_(1)),135(IMS_(2)),180(IMS_(3)),225(IMS_(4)),and 270 kg·ha^(−1)(IMS5).Alfalfa monoculture served as the control(SM).The effects of intercropping with triticale at different seeding rates on the yield of the first forage crop,and the water use and seed production of the second alfalfa crop were investigated.The results show that intercropping with triticale increased the total hay yield and crude protein yield of alfalfa by an average of 25.71%and 6.62%,respectively,compared with those of SM. Intercropping of triticale with alfalfa promoted the water use of the composite population, improved the water use efficiency, and provided a suitable soil moisture environment for the second crop of alfalfa, leading to improved individual plant development and seed yield. The water consumption was significantly higher in all the intercropping treatments than in SM, reaching the maximum of 455. 72 mm in the IMS_(4) treatment. The alfalfa actual seed yield reached the maximum of 448 kg·ha^(−1) in the IMS_(4) treatment, which was 28. 33% higher than that of SM. Therefore, intercropping of triticale at a sowing rate of 225 kg·ha^(−1) with alfalfa improved the performance of the first crop in terms of grass production and water use, and had a significant positive effect on the second crop in terms of alfalfa seed production.
作者
张译尹
王斌
王腾飞
兰剑
胡海英
ZHANG Yi-yin;WANG Bin;WANG Teng-fei;LAN Jian;HU Hai-ying(College of Forestry and Grassland,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Grassland and Pasture Engineering Research Center,Yinchuan 750021,China)
出处
《草业学报》
北大核心
2025年第8期43-53,共11页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
宁夏自然科学基金项目(2023AAC03152)
宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(草学学科)项目(NXYLXK2017A01)资助。
关键词
小黑麦
间作
干草产量
水分利用效率
苜蓿种子产量
triticale
intercropping
dry matter yield
water use efficiency
alfalfa seed yield
