摘要
广义蓼属Polygonum植物包括蓼科Polygonaceae多个属的1年生和多年生草本植物,广泛分布于北温带,在中国南北方地区均有分布,具有重要的药用、生态和经济价值。随着天然药物及生态资源开发研究的不断深入,广义蓼属植物因资源丰富、化学成分多样及生物活性广泛,逐渐成为植物资源研究的重要方向之一。本研究围绕广义蓼属植物的系统分类、代表性物种、多样化次生代谢产物及其药理活性进行系统梳理,重点分析了叉分蓼Polygonum divaricatum、何首乌P.multiflorum、虎杖Reynoutria japonica、萹蓄P.aviculare、血三七P.amplexicaule、木蓼Atraphaxis frutescens等12个代表性物种。当前广义蓼属植物研究集中于以下几个方向:①化学成分的提取与结构解析,已发现了大量黄酮类、酚酸类、蒽醌类、萜类及糖苷类等活性物质;②药理作用的实验验证及作用机制研究表明:广义蓼属植物在抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗菌、降血糖及神经保护等方面具有显著活性;③传统药用功能的现代研究与临床转化,如何首乌在抗衰老领域的潜力,虎杖中白藜芦醇的应用等;④生态功能及资源应用探索,部分种类显示出较强的环境适应性与修复潜力。综上,广义蓼属植物具有广阔的基础研究价值与应用前景。未来研究应进一步阐明广义蓼属植物药效物质的靶向筛选及机制,结合分子生物学与组学技术推动功能基因及合成途径解析,同时关注广义蓼属植物在生态修复、绿色农业及功能性食品等领域的综合利用。
Generalized Polygonum plants include annual and perennial herbs,which are widely distributed in the north temperate zone and are found in both the southern and northern regions of China.These plants hold significant medicinal,ecological,and economic value.In recent years,with increasing attention to the development of natural pharmaceuticals and ecological resources,generized Polygonum species have become a prominent focus in plant resource research due to their abundant reserves,diverse chemical constituents,and extensive bioactivities.This review systematically summarizes the taxonomy,representative species,diverse secondary metabolites,and pharmacological activities of generized Polygonum plants.Twelve representative species are highlighted,including Polygonum divaricatum,P.multiflorum,Reynoutria japonica,P.aviculare,P.amplexicaule,and Atraphaxis frutescens.Current research on general Polygonum species primarily focuses on the following areas:(1)extraction and structural characterization of phytochemicals,leading to the identification of numerous bioactive compounds such as flavonoids,phenolic acids,anthraquinones,terpenoids,and glycosides;(2)experimental validation and mechanistic studies of pharmacological effects,demonstrating potent anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,anticancer,antimicrobial,hypoglycemic,and neuroprotective activities;(3)modern investigations into traditional medicinal uses and clinical applications,such as the anti-aging potential of P.multiflorum and the therapeutic application of resveratrol from R.japonica;and(4)ecological functions and resource utilization,with certain species exhibiting remarkable ecological adaptation and potential in phytoremediation.In conclusion,Polygonum species have present broad potential for both fundamental research and applied development.Future studies should dedicate targeted screening and mechanistic elucidation of bioactive compounds,integration of molecular biology and omics technologies to uncover.functional genes and biosynthetic pathways,and exploration of their applications in ecological remediation,sustainable agriculture,and functional foods.
作者
任玉泊
张勃
金辉
杨晓燕
晏祖花
华翠平
许忠祥
戴璐
黄先成
秦波
REN Yubo;ZHANG Bo;JIN Hui;YANG Xiaoyan;YAN Zuhua;HUA Cuiping;XU Zhongxiang;DAI Lu;HUANG Xiancheng;QIN Bo(Pratacultural College,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Research Center for Natural Medicine and Chemical Metrology,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering,Yantai 264006,Shandong,China;Animal,Plant&Food Inspection Center of Nanjing Customs,Nanjing 210026,Jiangsu,China;Rushan Agricultural and Rural Affairs Service Center,Rushan 264511,Shandong,China;Wendeng Agriculture and Rural Affairs Service Center,Weihai 264400,Shandong,China)
出处
《浙江农林大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期864-874,共11页
Journal of Zhejiang A&F University
基金
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(24ZYQA043)
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA26020201)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(22076195)
甘肃省科技计划资助项目(23JRRA604)。
关键词
广义蓼属植物
化学成分
药理活性
研究进展
generized Polygonum plants
chemical constituents
pharmacological activity
research progress
