摘要
青贮饲用油菜与大麦间作生产性能和适宜刈割期,本研究采用田间定位试验与室内分析研究方法,设定不同种植模式(青贮饲用油菜单作、青贮饲用大麦单作、青贮饲用油菜与大麦间作),在油菜终花期统一刈割并对间作模式进行6次不同时期刈割(终花期后第1 d、第4 d、第8 d、第12 d、第16 d、第18 d),分析间作模式下生物产量、水分含量、主要营养物质含量特征及适宜刈割期。两年试验结果表明:与青贮饲用油菜单作相比,青贮饲用油菜与大麦间作饲草鲜重显著降低,鲜草水分含量显著降低。与青贮饲用油菜单作相比,青贮饲用大麦单作饲草粗蛋白含量、脂肪含量分别显著下降30.0%和59.3%,单糖含量、淀粉含量和水溶性碳水化合物含量显著增加,酸性洗涤纤维和木质素含量显著降低。青贮饲用大麦单作饲草相对饲料品质(RFV)和相对饲喂价值(RFQ)明显优于青贮饲用油菜单作,青贮饲用油菜与大麦间作RFV和RFQ介于青贮饲用油菜单作和青贮饲用大麦单作之间,分别较青贮饲用油菜单作显著提高了10.4%和31.8%(P<0.05)。青贮饲用油菜与大麦间作模式下在油菜终花期后第8 d刈割饲草生物产量和粗蛋白产量均显著高于终花期后第1 d刈割(P<0.05)。本研究结果为推进青贮饲用油菜高产高效栽培和利用技术提供了依据,也为稻田多元化生态轮作模式构建提供重要借鉴。
To clarify the production performance and optimal harvesting stage of intercropped rapeseed and barley for silage in China’s Yangtze River Delta region,we implemented a fixed-field experiment combined with laboratory analysis.Three cropping systems were established:rapeseed monoculture,barley monoculture,and rapeseed-barley intercropping.All plots were harvested at the rapeseed final flowering stage.Additionally,six harvests were conducted for the intercropping system at 1 d,4 d,8 d,12 d,16 d,and 18 d after rapeseed reached full flowering.Furthermore,we analyzed biomass yield,moisture content,and key nutritional components and optimal harvesting stage.Two-year trial results showed that compared with monoculture of silage rapeseed,the fresh weight of forage and moisture content were significantly reduced in the silage rapeseed-barley intercropping system.Compared with the monoculture of silage rapeseed,the monoculture of silage barley resulted in a significant 30.0% decrease in crude protein content and a 59.3% decrease in fat content,while monosaccharide,starch,and water-soluble carbohydrate contents significantly increased,and acid detergent fiber and lignin contents significantly decreased.The silage barley monoculture system demonstrated significantly higher relative feed value(RFV)and relative forage quality(RFQ)than the rapeseed monoculture.The rapeseed-barley intercropping system yielded intermediate RFV and RFQ values between the two monocultures,showing 10.4%and 31.8%increases relative to rapeseed monoculture(P<0.05).In the rapeseed-barley intercropping system,forage harvested at 8 d after rapeseed reached full flowering exhibited significantly higher biomass yield and crude protein content compared to forage harvested at 1 d after rapeseed reached full flowering(P<0.05).These findings provide a basis for advancing high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation and utilization techniques of rapeseed for silage and offer valuable insights for constructing diversified ecological rotation systems in paddy fields.
作者
陶玥玥
王海候
黄萌
何胥
徐坚
陆长婴
吴正贵
孙华
TAO Yueyue;WANG Haihou;HUANG Meng;HE Xu;XU Jian;LU Changying;WU Zhenggui;SUN Hua(Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Taihu Lake District/Suzhou Comprehensive Experimental Station of China Rape Research System,Suzhou 215155,China;Taicang Agricultural and Rural Science and Technology Service Center,Suzhou 215499,China;Taicang Donglin Professional Cooperatives,Suzhou 215400,China;Suzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Suzhou 215006,China)
出处
《江苏农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第7期1359-1365,共7页
Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家现代农业油菜产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-12)
国家自然科学基金项目(32101854)
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300207)。
关键词
青贮饲用油菜
间作
刈割期
饲草产量
营养价值
rapeseed for silage
intercropping
harvesting stage
forage yield
nutritional value
