摘要
欧盟碳边境调节机制(CBAM)法案将在2026年正式实施,各国碳足迹法案频出,倒逼全球供应链开展碳足迹管理。面对上述挑战,我国将建立产品碳足迹管理体系作为应对贸易压力的重要举措,油气产品被纳入国家重点碳足迹管理体系。钻完井作业作为油气开采的重要环节,点多面广、专业性强,一直以来缺乏评价标准及方法,难以支撑油气产品碳足迹核算。以页岩气钻完井作业为对象研究,采用混合生命周期评价方法(HLCA)对威远区块3个平台20口井能源消耗量、温室气体排放结构特征分析和减排路径进行了研究分析。结论认为:①目前单井钻完井作业的平均能源消耗为228.68 TJ,该区块20口井的EROI值为15.87,具有开发价值;②单井温室气体排放总量平均值为16805.79 tCO_(2)e,钻完井作业生命周期温室气体排放强度为164.57 t CO_(2)e/m^(3),为油气产品碳足迹核算提供依据。其中,压裂作业阶段柴油的使用造成的直接和间接温室气体总和是总的温室气体排放中的第一大排放源,占温室气体排放总量的28%。在钻井作业阶段柴油的使用造成的直接和间接温室气体总和和钻井设备产生的间接温室气体分别是总的温室气体排放中的第二和第三大排放源,占温室气体排放总量的22%和19%;③钻完井作业可从制度体系建立、重点耗能设备淘汰或改造、能源替代、工艺技术优化、提高物料循环利用率和低碳技术产业探索等方面制定减碳路径。
With the impending implementation of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism(CBAM)in 2026 and the global proliferation of carbon footprint regulations,supply chains worldwide are compelled to establish carbon management systems.In response,China has prioritized the development of a product carbon footprint management framework as a strategic countermeasure to trade pressures,with petroleum products being incorporated into the national key carbon footprint management system.However,as a critical phase in oil and gas extraction,drilling and completion operations face significant challenges in supporting carbon footprint accounting due to their geographically dispersed nature,technical complexity,and the current absence of standardized evaluation methodologies.This study highlights the urgent need for establishing systematic assessment criteria and operational guidelines to bridge this gap and enhance the accuracy of carbon footprint quantification in the petroleum sector.This study focused on shale gas drilling and completion operations,employing a Hybrid Life Cycle Assessment(HLCA)approach to conduct a comprehensive analysis of energy consumption,structural characteristics of greenhouse gas emissions,and emission reduction pathways across 20 wells at three platforms in the Weiyuan Block.The conclusions were as follows:(1)The average energy consumption of drilling and completion of a single well was 228.68 TJ,and the EROI value of 20 Wells in this block was 15.87,which was of development value.(2)The average greenhouse gas emission of a single well was 16,805.79 tCO_(2)e,and the greenhouse gas emission intensity of the whole drilling and completion operation was 164.57 tCO_(2)e/m^(3),which provides a basis for carbon footprint accounting of oil and gas products..Among them,the sum of direct and indirect GHG emissions from diesel oil use during fracturing operations was the largest source of total GHG emissions,accounting for 28%of total GHG emissions.The total direct and indirect GHG emissions caused by the use of diesel oil and indirect GHG emissions from drilling equipment were the second and third largest sources of total GHG emissions,accounting for 22%and 19%of the total GHG emissions,respectively.(3)For drilling and completion operation,carbon reduction paths can be developed from the establishment of institutional systems,elimination or transformation of key energy-consuming equipment,energy substitution,process technology optimization,improvement of material recycling and exploration of low-carbon technology industries.
作者
舒畅
陆灯云
贺吉安
毛红敏
谢海涛
SHU Chang;LU Dengyun;HE Ji′an;MAO Hongmin;XIE Haitao(Safety and Environmental Quality Supervision and Testing Institute,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Guanghan,Sichuan 618300,China;CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu,Sichuan 610056,Chi-na;Sichuan Hongda Safety Technology Service Co.,Ltd.,Guanghan,Sichuan 618300,China)
出处
《钻采工艺》
北大核心
2025年第4期221-228,共8页
Drilling & Production Technology
基金
川庆钻探工程有限公司科技项目“气田集采作业碳排放环境影响评价技术研究”(编号:CQ2024B-49-2-7-Y)。
关键词
页岩气
钻完井作业
混合生命周期评价
EROI
温室气体排放
shale gas
drilling and completion operations
hybrid life cycle evaluation
EROI
greenhouse gas emissions
