摘要
【目的】城市污水余热稳定,蕴含巨大潜能。污水源热泵将生活污水中的余热回收利用于生活或生产供暖,减少化石能源消耗,是一种绿色新能源技术,有助于节能减排和环境保护。【方法】文章针对北京市城市污水水量变化趋势、水温变化趋势进行分析,并对北京市城市污水系统的余热潜能和节能效益、环境效益进行评估。【结果】北京市城市污水水量充沛,污水处理量达到23亿m3/a,最大流量的波动幅度为42.79%,最小流量的波动幅度为29.07%。不保证5 d的最低水量与全年平均流量的比例为0.75,此流量比例可以作为系数,与年平均日处理量乘积作为污水处理厂含上游污水管网污水余热评估流量。北京市冬季水温比气温高,最高水温的波动幅度为35.3%,最低水温的波动幅度为31.4%,基本维持在13~17℃,不保证5 d的最低水温13℃可作为北京市城市污水余热评估初始水温。北京市目前主要的48家污水处理厂污水大规模开展污水源热泵供热项目,仅一次取热(温差为5℃)供热能力为1378811 kW,供热面积达到3447.03万m^(2),节约标准煤为34.77万t/a,节能率为48.37%。CO_(2)减排量为96.4万t/a,SO_(2)减排量为945 t/a,NO_(x)减排量为945 t/a,粉尘减排量为157.5 t/a。【结论】北京市城市污水系统能源潜力和节能效益、环境效益巨大。
[Objective]The residual heat of urban wastewater is stable and contains enormous potential.Wastewater source heat pump recovers and utilizes the excess heat from domestic wastewater for heating purposes in daily life or production,reducing fossil energy consumption.It is a green new energy technology that contributes to energy conservation,emission reduction,and environmental protection.[Methods]This paper analyzed the changing trends of urban wastewater volume and water temperature in Beijing,and assessed the excess heat potential,energy-saving benefits and environmental benefits of the urban wastewater system in Beijing.[Results]The urban wastewater volume in Beijing was abundant,with an annual wastewater treatment capacity of 2.3 billion cubic meters.The fluctuation range of the maximum flow rate was 42.79%,and the fluctuation range of the minimum flow rate was 29.07%.It could not be guaranteed that the ratio of the minimum water volume for five days to the annual average flow rate was 0.75.This flow ratio could be used as a coefficient,multiplied by the annual average daily treatment capacity,to evaluate the flow rate of wastewater excess heat in the upstream sewage pipe network of the wastewater treatment plant.The winter water temperature in Beijing was higher than the air temperature,with a fluctuation range of 35.3%for the highest water temperature and 31.4%for the lowest water temperature,which was basically maintained between 13℃ and 17℃.It could not be guaranteed that the minimum water temperature of 13℃ for 5 days could be used as the initial water temperature for the assessment of urban wastewater excess heat in Beijing.At present,48 major wastewater treatment plants in Beijing were carrying out large-scale wastewater source heat pump heating projects,with a single heat extraction(temperature difference of 5℃)heating capacity of 1378811 kW,a heating area of 34.4703 million square meters,and an annual savings of 347700 tons of standard coal,with an energy-saving rate of 48.37%.The annual CO_(2) emission reduction was 964000 tons,the annual SO_(2) emission reduction was 945 tons,the annual NO_(x) emission reduction was 945 tons,and the dust emission reduction was 157.5 tons.[Conclusion]The energy potential,energy-saving benefits,and environmental benefits of Beijing's urban wastewater system are enormous.
作者
江梅
王洪臣
刘达克
王绕
杨胜东
张帅
JIANG Mei;WANG Hongchen;LIU Dake;WANG Rao;YANG Shengdong;ZHANG Shuai(Beijing Drainage Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100044,China;Research Center for Low Carbon Technology of Water Environment,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Beijing BeiPai Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100078,China)
出处
《净水技术》
2025年第8期101-108,共8页
Water Purification Technology
关键词
城市污水
余热潜能
污水源热泵
节能效益
环境效益
urban wastewater
excess heat potential
wastewater source heat pump
energy saving benefit
environmental benefit
