摘要
【目的】能量回收装置(ERD)是海水淡化重要的节能装备,已被广泛用于海水淡化、污水资源化、中水回用等水处理领域。随着能量回收技术的快速发展,集成柱塞式ERD的出现,现有的2项标准[《反渗透用能量回收装置》(HY/T 108—2008)、《反渗透能量回收装置通用技术规范》(GB/T 30299—2013)]已无法充分覆盖新型ERD的分类与性能评价,特别是在能量转换效率的计算上忽略了外置电机驱动的能量输入。这导致现有标准在评估当前技术发展水平及指导实际应用时存在显著不足,亟需进行修订和完善以适应ERD技术发展的新要求。【方法】文章通过文献计量与专利分析,系统梳理了ERD发展历程,分析了透平式、功交换式和柱塞式ERD的技术特征与能效差异,特别是对GB/T 30299—2013标准中的功交换式ERD的类型进行详细地描述,重点指出现行标准未涵盖柱塞式ERD、效率计算忽略外置电机驱动能量输入等关键问题。【结果】文章提出间接和直接能量转换特性的新型分类方式,完善了功交换式ERD的类型描述,并针对标准中能量转换效率指标的科学性不足问题,倡议亟需建立其与机械效率、水力效率、容积效率等参数的关联关系,同时建议引入吨水能耗指标,考虑构建ERD与高压泵、反渗透膜及管网的协同能效评价方法。【结论】文章提出的覆盖新型ERD的分类体系、效率计算模型、系统级能效评价方法等建议,为海水淡化技术的标准化发展提供理论支撑,对推动能量回收技术规范化具有重要意义。
[Objective]The energy recovery device(ERD)is a crucial energy-saving equipment for seawater desalination,which has been widely applied in water treatment fields such as seawater desalination,wastewater resource recovery,and reclaimed water reuse.With the rapid development of energy recovery technology and the emergence of integrated plunger-type ERDs,the existing two standards[Energy Recovery Device in Reverse Osmosis(HY/T 108—2008),General Technical Specifications for Energy Recovery Devices in Reverse Osmosis System(GB/T 30299—2013)]can no longer fully cover the classification and performance evaluation of new type of ERD.Especially in the calculation of energy conversion efficiency,the energy input of the external motor drive is ignored.This leads to significant deficiencies in the existing standards when evaluating the current level of technological development and guiding practical applications.There is an urgent need for revision and improvement to adapt to the new requirements of ERD technology development.[Methods]This research systematically reviewed the development history of ERDs through bibliometric and patent analysis,analyzed the technical characteristics and energy efficiency differences among turbine-type,work-exchange-type,and plungertype ERDs.It provided a detailed description of the types of work-exchange-type ERDs specified in the GB/T 30299—2013 standard,highlighting key issues such as the absence of plunger-type ERDs in the current standard and the neglect of external motor drive energy input in efficiency calculations.[Results]This research proposed a new classification method based on indirect and direct energy conversion characteristics,improved the type description of work-exchange-type ERDs,and advocated for the urgent establishment of an correlation between energy conversion efficiency indicators and parameters such as mechanical efficiency,hydraulic efficiency,and volumetric efficiency to address the scientific inadequacy of energy conversion efficiency indice in the standard.Additionally,it suggested introducing energy consumption per ton of water and considering the construction of a collaborative energy efficiency evaluation system for ERDs,high-pressure pumps,reverse osmosis membranes,and pipe networks.[Conclusion]The proposed classification system,efficiency calculation model,and system-level energy efficiency evaluation method covering new ERDs provide theoretical support for the standardized development of seawater desalination technology and are of great significance for promoting the standardization of energy recovery technology.
作者
汪程鹏
王生辉
王锐浩
田林
杨志宏
黄浩鹏
WANG Chengpeng;WANG Shenghui;WANG Ruihao;TIAN Lin;YANG Zhihong;HUANG Haopeng(The Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization,MNR<Tianjin>,Tianjin 300192,China;Tianjin Blue Cross Membrane Technology Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300270,China;Shandong Desalination and Comprehensive Utilization Industry Research Institute,Jinan 257343,China;The Industrial Technology Research Center of Seawater Multipurpose Utilization,Weihai 264200,China)
出处
《净水技术》
2025年第8期1-8,20,共9页
Water Purification Technology
基金
国家(兵团)科技计划项目(2023AB034)
山东省重点研发计划(2024CXGC010808)
农业农村部西北绿洲节水农业重点实验室开放课题(2023OWSL-01)
农业农村部盐碱土改良与利用(干旱半干旱区盐碱地)重点实验室开放基金项目(YJDKFJJ202401)
天津市自然科学基金项目(22JCYBJC00660)
天津市中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(24ZYCGYS00720)
天津市科技计划项目(24YDTPJC00620)
中央科研院所基础科研业务专项资金(JBYWF-2023-T04,K-JBYWF-2024-ZT06,K-JBYWF-2024-T06,K-JBYWF-2025-J02)。
关键词
反渗透
海水淡化
能量回收装置
转换效率
标准
reverse osmosis(RO)
seawater desalination
energy recovery device(ERD)
conversion efficiency
standard
