数智赋能:基于VR人因技术的建筑设计基础教学改革

Integration of Digitalisation and Intelligent Technologies:VR-Based Human-Oriented Technology in Architectural Design Education Reform

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摘要当前,建筑行业正经历数智化的深度转型,传统建筑学基础教育的模式和方法已不能适应数智化的创新设计需求。深大建筑教育立足于粤港澳大湾区,始终扮演着开拓者与践行者的双重角色,秉承“建筑+X”的多元教育理念,在一、二年级设计教学中,鼓励以多元技术创新驱动教学改革,大力培养具备数字思维与创新能力的新时代建筑人才。VR人因技术赋能的课程研发,受到工具革新、学科互融、交互体验等多重挑战,其难点在于如何突破成熟的传统基础教育体系,权衡人因工具学习、时间进度安排、空间体验模式、设计成果表达、学生心理适应、教师角色转变等多重关系,并以全新的视角评价学生对空间的学习和认识能力。本教改依托深大人因中心的研究团队和设备资源,将VR人因技术赋能设计,构建“感知—生成—验证”的智能设计教学闭环,使学生沉浸式体验空间尺度、建筑材料、光影氛围等要素,弥合传统建筑教育中“图纸—空间”的认知鸿沟,在激发学生创新兴趣、提升教学效能的基础上,为培养学生多元能力和顺应行业智能化转型提供有力支撑。 The construction industry is witnessing a major transformation toward digitalisation and intelligent technologies,which renders traditional architectural education models increasingly outdated.To meet the innovation demands of this new era,the architecture education programme at Shenzhen University(SZU),located in the heart of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,has taken on a dual role as both pioneer and practitioner.Guided by the multidisciplinary educational philosophy of"Architecture+X",the programme encourages innovation-driven teaching reforms through diverse technologies in first-and second-year design courses,vigorously cultivating a new generation of architectural talents equipped with proper digital thinking and innovative capabilities.The development of VR courses faces multifaceted challenges,including technological advancements,interdisciplinary integration,and interactive experience design.Specifically,the core difficulty lies in breaking away from the well-established traditional education system while balancing multiple factors:the learning of human-oriented tools,time management,modes of spatial experience,design representation,student psychological adaptation,and the evolving role of instructors.In this context,it's necessary to gain a novel perspective for evaluating students'spatial learning and comprehension abilities.Supported by the research team and equipment resources of the Center for Human-oriented Environment and Sustainable Design,Shenzhen University,the teaching reform integrates VR technology into the design process,so as to establish an intelligent teaching model based on"perception–generation–verification".Importantly,this model enables students to immerse themselves in the experience of spatial scale,building materials,lighting effects,and more.In this way,they can better bridge the cognitive gap between"drawings and physical environment"that often exists in traditional architectural education.By stimulating students'innovative interest and enhancing teaching efficacy,the reform helps develop well-rounded and future-ready skills in alignment with the construction industry's digital transformation.

作者陶伊奇邱炎范悦殷子渊艾登 TAO Yiqi;QIU Yan;FAN Yue;YIN Ziyuan;AI Deng(The University of Hong Kong,China;the Architecture Department,School of Architecture&Urban Planning,Shenzhen University;Shenzhen University;The University of Tokyo;School of Architecture&Urban Planning,Shenzhen University;City University of Hong Kong,China;City University of Macao,China)