摘要
背景:规律的体育运动可以改善免疫功能,促进身体健康。免疫细胞如何通过炎症调节、代谢协同等机制提升运动表现,现有研究尚未形成系统性理论支撑。目的:梳理免疫细胞在肌肉修复、能量代谢与疲劳恢复中的作用,构建“免疫调控-运动表现”的理论框架。方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase和中国知网等中英文数据库,围绕运动表现与免疫主题进行系统检索,检索日期截至2025-03-01。筛选近年发表的免疫功能调控运动表现的相关研究与综述文献,结合文献主题归纳与机制分析,探讨免疫运动的协同机制。结果与结论:运动训练所引发的应激过程中,免疫细胞借助调控炎症反应促进肌纤维恢复,维持代谢的平稳状态;免疫应答的时序性、组织特异性及其与训练负荷的匹配情况,是影响运动能力提升表现的关键因素;免疫系统在运动适应中不仅承担健康防御职能,而且在调控运动表现上也起到关键作用,未来研究应结合细胞组学、空间转录组与免疫代谢学等技术,为制定免疫调节影响训练干预策略提供依据。
BACKGROUND:Regular physical training modulates immune activity and contributes to improved health and physical performance.However,how immune cells enhance athletic performance through inflammatory regulation,metabolic synergy,and other mechanisms has not been systematically theoretically reported.OBJECTIVE:To sort out the roles of immune cells in muscle repair,energy metabolism and fatigue recovery,and to construct a theoretical framework of“immune regulation-athletic performance.”METHODS:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase and CNKI were searched for literature related to athletic performance and immunity.The search date was until March 1,2025.Research and review literature related to immune regulation for athletic performance published in recent years was screened,and the synergistic mechanism of immune exercise was explored by combining literature topic summary and mechanism analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the stress stage caused by sports training,immune cells promote muscle fiber recovery and maintain a stable metabolic state by regulating inflammatory response.The timing,tissue specificity and matching of immune responses with training load are key factors affecting the improvement of athletic performance.The immune system not only plays a role in health defense during exercise adaptation,but also plays a key role in regulating athletic performance.Future research should strengthen causal verification of the mechanism chain and promote multi-omics foundations.
作者
毛苏杰
高洁
潘壮丽
Mao Sujie;Gao Jie;Pan Zhuangli(Graduate School of Harbin Sport University,Harbin 150000,Heilongjiang Province,China;Guizhou Institute of Sports Science(Guizhou Anti-Doping Center),Guiyang 550002,Guizhou Province,China)
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
北大核心
2026年第10期2671-2680,共10页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
基金
贵州省体育科学研究所自筹项目(TKSKY2024004),项目负责人:潘壮丽。
关键词
运动训练
免疫功能
运动表现
代谢调节
组织修复
综述
exercise training
immune function
athletic performance
metabolism regulation
tissue repair
review
