摘要
肌少症(sarcopenia)作为老年人群常见的退行性综合征,其特征性表现为骨骼肌质量下降、肌力强度及运动功能的渐进性衰退。其发病机制涉及多种病理生理学因素,包括蛋白质合成代谢失衡、线粒体功能障碍及慢性炎症反应等,导致患者躯体功能衰退及独立生活能力受损。现有文献表明,磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)具有非侵入性、高软组织分辨率及多参数定量分析等优势,其凭借基础成像序列、定量参数成像及动态功能成像等方法已成为研究肌少症病理机制及临床评估的关键影像学工具。多项研究证实基于MRI的肌肉评估结果对老年衰弱、术后并发症等不良结局具有独立预测价值。然而,当前研究也指出MRI评估肌少症存在标准化缺失、动态功能成像不足等问题。结合现有MRI技术的优势与局限性,未来研究可重点关注多模态影像融合技术体系,深度整合MRI功能成像与影像组学分析方法等方向。本文系统阐述肌少症的生物学基础与病理生理学机制,并深入剖析MRI在肌群形态学测量、骨骼肌成分定量及功能成像评估中的应用,以期深化对肌少症的理解,并为该疾病的临床诊断、治疗及干预策略提供参考。
Sarcopenia,a prevalent degenerative syndrome in the elderly population,is characterized by progressive declines in skeletal muscle mass,muscle strength,and physical function.Its pathogenesis involves multiple pathophysiological factors,including disrupted proteostasis,mitochondrial dysfunction,and chronic low-grade inflammation,ultimately leading to impaired physical capacity and loss of independence.Current literature demonstrates that magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),with its advantages of non-invasiveness,high soft-tissue resolution,and multiparametric quantitative analysis capabilities,has emerged as a pivotal imaging modality for investigating sarcopenia pathology and clinical assessment.Utilizing techniques such as basic structural sequences,quantitative mapping techniques,and advanced functional MRI(fMRI)techniques,MRI provides critical insights.Multiple studies confirm that MRI-derived muscle metrics serve as independent predictors for adverse outcomes including frailty and postoperative complications in older adults.However,limitations persist in MRI-based sarcopenia evaluation,notably the lack of standardized protocols and underutilization of advanced fMRI.Future research should prioritize developing integrated multimodal imaging frameworks,combining quantitative MRI with radiomics analysis.This review systematically elaborates on the pathobiology of sarcopenia and provides an in-depth analysis of MRI applications in muscle morphometry,compositional quantification,and functional evaluation,aiming to advance clinical diagnosis and therapeutic strategies.
作者
王译欧
黄晨曦
张晓东
WANG Yiou;HUANG Chenxi;ZHANG Xiaodong(Department of Medical Imaging,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University(Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province),Guangzhou 510630,China;The First Clinical Medical School of Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China)
出处
《磁共振成像》
北大核心
2025年第7期209-214,共6页
Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:82471928)
广东省自然科学基金项目(编号:2024A1515010352)。
关键词
肌少症
骨骼肌疾病
磁共振成像
衰弱
预后评估
sarcopenia
disorders of muscles
magnetic resonance imaging
frailty
prognostic assessment
