摘要
深部大采高工作面上覆岩层一般存在多层厚、硬岩层,由于开采厚度加大,顶板活动空间明显增大,导致工作面矿压强度显现强烈,有的工作面产生冲击矿压的现象,因此研究大采高工作面顶板覆岩所成结构与传力机制尤显重要。以母杜柴登煤矿30202大采高工作面为工程背景,采用现场实测、理论分析、数值模拟等方法,分析得到随着工作面回采,30202大采高工作面覆岩可形成“悬臂梁+砌体梁+台阶岩梁”复合结构;考虑顶板复合结构静动载效应以及软弱岩层的吸能作用,建立了30202大采高顶板复合结构静动载应力传递模型,揭示了大采高顶板复合结构矿压显现机制,确定了对工作面支架受力产生影响的采场覆岩范围。通过对30202工作面采取超长孔压裂和深孔爆破工艺协同控制顶板的措施来调控工作面的强矿压显现,使得工作面来压明显减弱,大能量微震事件频次明显降低。
The overburden of deep longwall faces with large mining heights typically consists of multiple thick and hard rock strata.Due to the increased mining thickness,the space for roof movement expands notably,which causes strong manifestations of mining pressure in longwall faces and may even lead to the occurrence of rock burst disasters in some cases.Therefore,it is of paramount importance to research on the structural and stress transfer mechanism of roof strata in longwall faces with large mining heights.In this study,the 30202 longwall face of Muduchaideng Coal Mine was selected as the engineering back-ground.Through field measurements,theoretical analysis,and numerical simulations,it was uncovered that as the longwall face advances,the overburden forms a composite structure comprising"cantilever beams,masonry beams,and step rock beams".Considering the static and dynamic load effect and the energy absorption capacity of weak rock strata in the roof composite structure,a static and dynamic load stress transfer model for the composite roof structure was established.Meanwhile,the mechanism of mining pressure manifestation of the composite roof structure was revealed,and the scope of overburden that affects the stress of longwall face support was determined.To mitigate intense mining pressure,the deep-hole fracturing method and the blasting technology were implemented to the 30202 longwall face for collaborative roof control.These measures significantly weakened periodic weighting and reduced the frequency of high-energy microseismic events.
作者
路洋波
闫少宏
符鹏
周坤友
LU Yangbo;YAN Shaohong;FU Peng;ZHOU Kunyou(School of Energy and Mining Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Mining Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China)
出处
《采矿与安全工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期832-844,共13页
Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52304197)。
关键词
大采高综采
顶板复合结构
静动载应力传递模型
长钻孔卸压
微震监测
longwall faces with large mining heights
roof composite structure
static and dynamic load stress transfer model
deep-hole fracturing method
microseismic monitoring
