摘要
目的了解上海市浦东新区职业卫生技术服务中存在的主要问题,为推动职业卫生技术服务机构提高服务质量,以及政府部门完善职业卫生技术服务机构的监督管理提供依据。方法抽取50份职业病危害因素定期检测报告,对涉及的50家用人单位进行现场调查和抽检,编制《评估表》并开展质量评价。结果比较抽检与报告结果,抽检噪声合格率低于报告结果(χ^(2)=15.24,P<0.05);将5家用人单位7种有机原辅料定性分析结果与抽取报告比对结果显示,报告均未正确识别相关有害因素。50份报告均存在一定的质量问题,其中工程分析、职业病危害因素识别及接触分析、危害防护设施、职业病危害因素检测情况、检测结论及建议、技术服务真实性等6个方面存在问题的报告比例达74%~100%,涉及机构比例达84.2%~100.0%。结论当前浦东新区职业卫生技术服务质量水平总体较低,存在问题主要与用人单位对职业卫生技术服务不重视,服务机构专业能力不足,政府部门监管力度不够有关。政府部门应加大职业病防治的宣贯力度,强化用人单位职业病防治主体责任;通过加强职业卫生监督队伍能力建设,创新职业卫生监管方式,强化监管力度,提高对职业卫生技术服务机构的监管效能,促进服务质量的提升。
Objective To understand the main problems existing in the occupational health technical services in Pudong New Area,so as to provide a basis for promoting occupational health technical service institutions to improve their service quality and for government departments to improve the supervision and management of occupational health technical service institutions.Methods Fifty regular detection reports of occupational disease hazard factors were selected.On-site investigations and spot checks were carried out on 50 employers involved.An evaluation form was compiled and a quality evaluation was carried out.Results Comparing the spot check results with the report results showed that the qualified rate of noise in the spot check was lower than that in the report(χ^(2)=15.24,P<0.05).By comparing the qualitative analysis results of 7 kinds of organic raw and auxiliary materials in 5 employers with the selected reports,it was found that none of the reports correctly identified the relevant hazardous factors.The evaluation results of 50 reports showed that each report had certain quality problems.Among them,the proportion of reports with problems in six aspects,namely engineering analysis,identification and exposure analysis of occupational disease hazard factors,hazard protection facilities,detection of hazard factors,detection conclusions and suggestions,and the authenticity of technical services,reached 74%—100%,and the proportion of involved institutions reached 84.2%—100.0%.Conclusion At present,the overall quality level of occupational health technical services in Pudong New Area is relatively low.The existing problems are mainly related to the employers'lack of attention to occupational health technical services,the insufficient professional capabilities of service institutions,and the inadequate supervision efforts of government departments.Government departments should increase the publicity and implementation of occupational disease prevention and control,and strengthen the main responsibility of employers for occupational disease prevention and control.By strengthening the capacity building of the occupational health supervision team,innovating the supervision mode of occupational health,strengthening the supervision efforts,and improving the supervision efficiency of occupational health technical service institutions,the service quality can be promoted.
作者
郭爱萍
张力
聂笠
沈斌
宁勇
刘艳
GUO Aiping;ZHANG Li;NIE Li;SHEN Bin;NING Yong;LIU Yan(Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Shanghai Pudong New Area Health Supervision Institute,Shanghai 200136,China;不详)
出处
《中国工业医学杂志》
2025年第3期333-337,共5页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine
基金
浦东新区卫生系统学科带头人培养计划(PWRd2021-18)
浦东新区科技发展基金事业单位民生科研专项医疗卫生项目(PKJ2022-Y91)。
关键词
卫生监督
职业卫生技术服务
质量评价
监管策略
health supervision
occupational health technical services
quality evaluation
supervision strategy
