摘要
本研究在福建省福安市和福鼎市随机选取畲族年满18周岁的成人518人(其中男293人,女225人),并测量22项头面部指标,计算12个头面部指数。结果显示,福建畲族群体头型为中头型、高头型、狭头型,狭面型,中鼻型;除眼内角间宽和颧额宽指数外,其余头面部体质指标和指数均存在性别差异;头宽、面宽、眼内角宽、嘴唇相关指标(唇皮高、唇高、红唇厚度、口宽)、容貌耳长、头面高指数及口指数存在年龄差异。相比二十八年前的畲族,本文畲族群体头面部形态特征发生了明显的变化,分析其原因可是与城乡差异、环境和饮食变化及与汉族或其他民族通婚增多相关。对畲族和其他民族头面部数据进行主成分分析和聚类分析,发现福建畲族介于北方少数民族和汉族以及南方少数民族之间,其中与华南汉族群体、苗族、瑶族、水族、湖南瓦乡人更为接近,与云南、广西、贵州等地的其他南方少数民族以及北方少数民族族群差异较大。
This study randomly selected 518 She ethnic adults aged 18 years and above(293 males and 225 females)from Fu’an and Fuding cities in Fujian Province.Twenty-two craniofacial characteristics were measured,and twelve indexes of craniofacial exponent characteristics were calculated.The results showed that the She ethnic group has a medium head type,high head type,and narrow head type;a narrow face;and a medium nose type.There were significant gender differences in the craniofacial characteristics and indexes of the She ethnic group in Fujian,except for the intraocular angular width and zygomatic frontal index.There were significant age differences in head width,face width,intraocular width,lip-related indicators(upper lip height,lip height,lip thickness,mouth breadth),ear length,vertical cephalo-facial index,and oral index.Facial features are mainly determined by genetic factors.The She ethnic group has long lived in the border areas of Guangdong,Fujian,and Jiangxi in South China.Therefore,compared to the Han and minority ethnic groups in North China,the Han and minority ethnic groups in South China have more similar physical characteristics to the She ethnic group.The migration and integration of ethnic groups is an important historical process in the formation of ethnic groups in history.The genetic and cultural blending between ethnic groups has influenced their physical characteristics.This paper,together with evidence from Ethnology,Molecular Anthropology,and Linguistics,shows that the She ethnic group had intricate connections with minority ethnic groups such as the Miao-Yao,Min,Yue,as well as the Han ethnic group in the past.People with different physical characteristics participated in this process and ultimately formed the modern She ethnic group’s“diverse and integrated”physical characteristics.
作者
胡荣
尹嘉昊
HU Rong;YIN Jiahao(Institute of Anthropology,School of Society and Anthropology,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005;Department of Anthropology and Ethnology,School of Society and Anthropology,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005)
出处
《人类学学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期631-641,共11页
Acta Anthropologica Sinica
基金
福建省社科规划项目“生物人类学视野下的畲族研究”(FJ2021B076)。
关键词
畲族
头面部特征
南方少数民族
She people
craniofacial characteristics
southern ethnic minority
