摘要
目的对邯郸地区2020—2024年市售水果中57种农药残留情况进行检测分析,并对当地居民农药残留的健康风险进行评估。方法采用QuEChERS方法对水果样品进行前处理,依据液相色谱-质谱法和气相色谱-质谱法对水果中57种农药残留进行上机检测,通过蒙特卡洛模拟建立农药残留的风险模型对农药的慢性膳食风险进行评估,通过急性参考剂量公式评估农药的急性膳食摄入风险。结果80份水果样品农药种类检出率为28.1%,项次总检出率为1.12%,样品总检出率为33.8%。6份樱桃和3份枣中的乐果超出国家标准。16.2%的样品中检出两种或两种以上农药。检出农药中无剧毒和高毒农药种类。乐果的慢性膳食摄入风险为1.81,超出安全范围,其余农药慢性膳食摄入风险为可接受范围。农药的累积风险为1.87,超出安全范围。所有农药的急性膳食摄入风险均在可接受范围。急慢性膳食摄入风险中排名较高的农药均为乐果与硫丹。结论2020—2024年邯郸地区水果中农药残留整体处于较为安全水平,但存在乐果检出超标和同一样品中多种农药检出情况,乐果存在慢性膳食摄入风险,相关部门需要持续关注。
Objective To detect and analyze the residue conditions of 57 kinds of pesticide in commercially available fruits in Handan Area from 2020 to 2024 and assess the health risks of pesticide residues for local residents.Methods Followed QuEChERS extraction,samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Chronic dietary exposure was assessed via a Monte Carlo simulation-based risk model,whereas acute risk was determined by the acute reference dose.Results The p detection rate of pesticide types in 80 fruit samples was 28.1%with an overall item detection rate of 1.12%and overall sample detection rate of 33.8%in 80 fruit samples.Dimethoate residues exceeded national standards in 6 cherry and 3 jujube samples.Two or more pesticides were detected in 16.2%of the samples.No highly or extremely toxic pesticides were detected.The chronic dietary intake risk of dimethoate was 1.81,exceeded the safe range,while the chronic dietary intake risk of other pesticides were within acceptable limits.The hazard index value was 1.87,exceeded the safe range.Acute dietary risks for all detected pesticides were within safe ranges.Dimethoate and endosulfan were identified as higher-risk pesticides in both acute and chronic assessments.Conclusion The dietary intake risk of pesticide residues in Handan City(2020—2024)is generally within safe limits.However,there are cases of dimethoate exceeding the standard and multiple pesticides detected in the same sample.Dimethoate posed chronic dietary intake risk and the relevant authorities need to maintain ongoing attention.
作者
连莹莹
周欢欢
丁国涛
方彦飞
韩永红
刘梦瑜
郭花
李伟昊
LIAN Ying-Ying;ZHOU Huan-Huan;DING Guo-Tao;FANG Yan-Fei;HAN Yong-Hong;LIU Meng-Yu;GUO Hua;LI Wei-Hao(Handan Centre for Diseases Control and Prevention,Handan 056002,China;Handan First Hospital,Handan 056004,China)
出处
《食品安全质量检测学报》
2025年第16期58-66,共9页
Journal of Food Safety and Quality
基金
邯郸市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(23422083170)。
关键词
农药残留
风险评估
水果
蒙特卡洛
pesticide residues
risk assessment
fruit
Monte Carlo
