摘要
柴达木盆地是青海经济发展的“第二极”,但水资源短缺与生态环境十分脆弱成为制约其经济发展的瓶颈。统筹水资源利用、生态环境保护与柴达木盆地经济发展关系,迫切需要开展柴达木盆地生态用水可持续评价工作。本研究以柴达木盆地县级行政单位为研究对象,采用层次分析法(AHP)对柴达木盆地各县市生态用水可持续性进行评价。结果表明:(1)德令哈、格尔木、都兰、天峻、果洛州(玛多部分地区)、玉树州(治多部分地区、曲麻莱部分地区)的水量用以维持现有水平稍有余量,而乌兰、茫崖、冷湖、大柴旦为负水量支撑。该结果表明现有水量无法支持其维持现有水平。(2)就整个柴达木盆地而言,水资源开发利用调控度最高的区域为格尔木市,最低区域为乌兰县。(3)德令哈、格尔木、都兰的水资源与经济发展协调度均为正值,而乌兰、茫崖、冷湖、天峻、大柴旦、果洛州(玛多部分地区)、玉树州(治多部分地区、曲麻莱部分地区)的水资源与经济发展协调度处于弱协调状态。(4)海西州生态用水可持续协调利用度最大值出现在格尔木,最小值出现在冷湖。相较于海西州,果洛州和玉树州的曲麻莱与久治的生态用水可持续协调利用度均较低,但治多县部分地区可持续协调利用度高。整个柴达木盆地生态用水可持续协调利用程度最好的区域是玉树州的治多部分地区,最差的区域是冷湖。研究结果可为柴达木盆地水资源开发利用提供技术支撑。
The Qaidam Basin serves as the“second pole”for economic development in Qinghai Province,yet water scarcity and fragile ecological environments have become critical constraints on its economic growth.To harmonize the relationships among water resource utilization,ecological protection,and economic development in the Qaidam Basin,it is urgent to conduct a sustainable evaluation of ecological water use.This study focuses on the county-level administrative units within the Qaidam Basin and employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)to assess the sustainability of ecological water use across various counties and cities.The findings are as follows:(1)The water quantities in Delingha,Golmud,Dulan,Tianjun,Guoluo Prefecture(partial areas of Madoi),and Yushu Prefecture(partial areas of Zhidoi and Qumalai)are sufficient to maintain their current levels with a slight surplus.In contrast,the water quantity support for Wulan,Mangya,Lenghu,and Dachaidan is negative,indicating that the existing water quantities are insufficient to sustain their current levels.(2)Across the entire Qaidam Basin,Golmud City exhibits the highest level of water resource development and utilization regulation,while Wulan County has the lowest.(3)The coordination between water resources and economic development in Delingha,Golmud,and Dulan is positive.However,the coordination in Wulan,Mangya,Lenghu,Tianjun,Dachaidan,Guoluo Prefecture(partial areas of Madoi),and Yushu Prefecture(partial areas of Zhidoi and Qumalai)is in a weak state.(4)The highest level of sustainable coordination of ecological water use in Haixi Prefecture is observed in Golmud,while the lowest is in Lenghu.Compared to Haixi Prefecture,the levels in Guoluo and Yushu Prefectures,particularly in Qumalai and Jiuzhi,are relatively low,but the partial areas of Zhidoi County in Yushu Prefecture show a high level of sustainable coordination.The best region for sustainable coordination of ecological water use in the entire Qaidam Basin is the partial area of Zhidoi County in Yushu Prefecture,while the worst is Lenghu.The results of this study provide technical support for water resource development in the Qaidam Basin,offering valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to balance ecological sustainability with economic growth.
作者
马易锴
李润杰
Ma Yikai;Li Runjie(College of Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810008,China)
出处
《青海科技》
2025年第3期12-21,共10页
Qinghai Science and Technology
基金
青海省重点研发与转化计划科技成果转化专项项目“江河源区水资源高效利用与生态保护技术创新与示范”(2024-SF-148)。
关键词
生态用水
可持续性评价
柴达木盆地
层次分析法
Ecological water
Sustainability evaluation
Qaidam Basin
Analytic Hierarchy Process
