摘要
针对螺旋弹簧式负刚度装置工程实用性不足,以及碟簧式装置在大位移下因组合碟簧散开而无法持续提供刚度的问题,提出了一种碟簧和钩元件混合的负刚度装置(简称“碟-钩混合负刚度装置”)。设计了波纹板簧和SMA拉索两种钩元件构造,介绍了碟-钩混合负刚度装置的工作原理,理论推导构形较复杂的波纹板簧的刚度计算公式。通过动力加载试验,分别对采用波纹板簧和SMA拉索两种钩元件的碟-钩混合负刚度装置以及碟-钩弹簧组件的力学性能进行考察。结果表明:两种装置均具有小位移下负刚度特性和大位移下可调节的正刚度特性,在组合碟簧散开后,两种构造的钩元件均可以稳定工作;波纹板簧钩元件的线弹性变形能力强、受拉后变形均匀,但其构造较复杂需定制、结构自重大;SMA拉索钩元件的构造简单、复位能力强,超弹性变形范围大,但大直径SMA绳的价格较高;实际工程中可从经济性和力学特性两方面对两种碟簧-钩元件混合负刚度装置进行选择。
To address the issues of insufficient engineering practicality in helical spring-based negative stiffness devices and the inability of disc spring-based devices to maintain stiffness due to the separation of stacked disc springs under large displacements,a negative stiffness device incorporating a hybrid spring assembly composed of disc springs and hook components(referred to as the‘disc-hook hybrid negative stiffness device’)was proposed.Two configurations of hook components,namely corrugated plate springs and SMA cables,were presented,along with the working principle of the disc-hook hybrid negative stiffness device.Theoretical derivation of the stiffness calculation formula for the corrugated plate spring with complex configuration was provided.The mechanical properties of two types of negative stiffness devices and spring assemblys were investigated through dynamic tests.The results show that both devices exhibit negative stiffness characteristics at small displacements and adjustable positive stiffness at large displacements.After the separation of stacked disc springs,both hook components continue to function stably.The corrugated plate spring hook demonstrates strong linear elastic deformation capacity and uniform deformation under tension.However,its complex configuration requires customization and results in significant structural self-weight.The SMA cable hook features a simple configuration,strong reset capability,and a wide super-elastic deformation range,although the cost of large-diameter SMA ropes is relatively high.In practical engineering applications,the selection between these two devices can be made based on both economic considerations and mechanical characteristics.
作者
刘越
孙飞飞
杨嘉琦
曾超
LIU Yue;SUN Feifei;YANG Jiaqi;ZENG Chao(College of Civil Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)
出处
《建筑结构学报》
北大核心
2025年第S1期343-354,共12页
Journal of Building Structures
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52378531)
关键词
负刚度装置
碟簧
SMA拉索钩元件
波纹板簧钩元件
动力试验
negative stiffness device
disc spring
SMA cable hook component
corrugated plate spring hook component
dynamic test
