摘要
随着天地一体化空间监测技术的发展,监测覆盖范围扩大、目标重访间隔缩短,较短时间内有可能获得新碎片的多个观测弧段,使新碎片的快速编目成为可能。因此,本文对天基光学监测碎片云的探测和快速轨道编目能力进行了评估。以COSMOS-2251/Iridium-33卫星碰撞事件为例,基于美国空间目标编目库二行根数,分析COSMOS-2251/Iridium-33卫星碰撞新碎片的可识别分离和快速编目可能性。实验结果表明,采用光学监测手段,对于COSMOS-2251和Iridium-33碎片,在碰撞20 min后,能够有效识别出99%以上的新碎片。选择COSMOS-2251和Iridium-33的各100个新碎片,基于24颗卫星组成的天基光学监测星座,碰撞后一天内81%的COSMOS-2251和87%的Iridium-33新碎片有至少10个可测弧段。采用一天内的观测弧段进行新目标编目,70%的COSMOS-2251新碎片和73%的Iridium-33新碎片可成功编目。由此表明,基于合理设计的天基光学监测星座,有能力在一天内对70%以上碰撞新碎片进行轨道编目。
Advancements in space-ground integrated surveillance techniques have expanded detection cov-erage and reduced object revisit times,enabling the collection of multiple orbit tractlets of new debris with-in hours of an event and thereby facilitating timely tracking and cataloging.This study evaluates the detec-tion and cataloging capabilities for monitoring debris clouds using space-based optical systems.Utilizing historical two-line element data,the identification and cataloging potential of debris generated by the COS-MOS-2251/Iridium-33 satellite collision were analyzed,assuming a space-based optical detection constel-lation of 24 satellites.Results indicate that 99%of new debris fragments can be resolved within 20 min-utes post-collision.Analysis of randomly selected samples of 100 debris fragments from each satellite re-vealed that 81%of COSMOS-2251 debris and 87%of Iridium-33 debris possess at least 10 observable tractlets within one day following the collision.Considering all observable tractlets within this timeframe,70%of COSMOS-2251 debris and 73%of Iridium-33 debris were successfully cataloged.These findings demonstrate that a well-designed space-based optical surveillance system can catalog over 70%of new de-bris resulting from space collisions within one day.
作者
曹利颖
桑吉章
李彬
刘磊
雷祥旭
赵有
CAO Liying;SANG Jizhang;LI Bin;LIU Lei;LEI Xiangxu;ZHAO You(School of Geodesy and Geomatics,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China;National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《光学精密工程》
北大核心
2025年第11期1771-1781,共11页
Optics and Precision Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.12373083,No.12403083)
山东省自然科学基金面上项目(No.ZR2023MD098)。
关键词
空间碰撞
碎片云
目标识别
轨道编目
天基光学监测
space collision
debris cloud
object detection
orbital catalogue
space-based space surveil-lance
