摘要
秸秆还田是秸秆“五化”利用中最简单经济有效的技术措施,但实际生产中仍存在技术流程多、成本高、技术效果差的问题。玉米轻简化还田技术较目前主流的秸秆翻埋还田技术,具有流程少、作业效率高、成本低的特点。为促进黑龙江省玉米秸秆高效还田,介绍了秸秆条带少耕技术、秸秆归行免耕技术、秸秆覆盖原垄免耕技术、一次性秸秆旋混还田技术和秸秆高速耙混技术5种玉米生产上省时高效秸秆还田技术模式,概述其作业流程、配套农机具、技术优缺点和适宜推广区域,阐明了秸秆轻简化还田技术实现路径以及不同还田技术在黑龙江省的具体区域布局。
Straw returning is the the simplest,most economical and effective measure of five straw comprehensive utilizations.However,in actual production,there were still problems such as multiple technical processes,higher cost and poor technical effect.Compared with the current mainstream straw returning technology,the simplified straw returning technology has the characteristics of fewer processes,higher operation efficiency and lower cost.In order to promote the efficient return of maize straw to the fields in Heilongjiang Province.This paper introduced five kinds of time-saving and efficient straw returning technology models in maize production,such as strip tillage with straw mulch,straw gathering in row with straw mulch,no-tillage with straw mulch,one-time straw grinding and rotary ridging technology and straw high speed raking and mixing technology.And then the paper summarized their operation processes,supporting agricultural machinery,technical advantages and disadvantages and suitable promotion areas,and expounded the optimal path and regional distribution in Heilongjiang province.
作者
郝玉波
钱春荣
张思涛
于洋
宫秀杰
姜宇博
吕国依
张艺腾
HAO Yubo;QIAN Chunrong;ZHANG Sitao;YU Yang;GONG Xiujie;JIANG Yubo;L Guoyi;ZHANG Yiteng(Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150023,China;Rural Energy Station of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150096,China)
出处
《黑龙江农业科学》
2025年第8期124-127,共4页
Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
黑龙江省农业科学院青年科学家培养项目(2021QKPY007)
黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2023C097,ZD2022C008)
中国科学院先导科技专项(XDA28130504)
国家重点研发子课题(NK2022180701)。
关键词
玉米
秸秆轻简化还田技术
秸秆覆盖
条带耕作
maize
simplified straw returning technology
straw mulch
strip tillage
