摘要
作为主粮,小麦对保障国家粮食安全和人民食品安全至关重要。金属矿质元素对植物生长和人类膳食健康都具有重要作用。小麦生产中,既面临土壤有害微量矿质元素过量胁迫植物生长的问题,也面临有益矿质元素积累不足的问题。作为主粮,小麦籽粒中有益微量矿质元素不足会导致人类严重的健康障碍,被称为“隐性饥饿”,是重要的营养问题。微生物能够环保高效地阻控或促进小麦吸收微量矿质元素,这为缓解矿质元素过量导致的非生物胁迫和可食部分积累不足导致的营养强化问题提供了绿色方案。一方面,本文从微生物-植物互作角度出发,以有害矿质元素(Cu,Cd)为例,总结了微生物阻抗小麦对这2种元素的吸收策略,以及缓解它们胁迫的分子机制。另一方面,本文分析了微生物对小麦吸收、转运和积累2种有益矿质元素(Fe,Zn)的调节作用。特别是解析了内生菌促进小麦富集铁和锌元素的机制,展望了其在绿色高效农业发展方面的前景,为微生物促进小麦高效生产和品质提升提供了理论参考和应用指导。
As a staple food crop,wheat is of great significance to ensure national security and food supply.Minerals play an important role in plant growth and human health,exerting dual effects on wheat production.One is the abiotic stress caused by excessive heavy metals on plant growth.The other is insufficient acquisition of essential minerals due to low bioavailability and restricted uptake of minerals.Insufficient intake of beneficial trace minerals from wheat flour leads to serious health disorders,known as hidden hunger,which is an major nutritional problem worldwide.Microorganisms can modulate the homeostasis of trace minerals in wheat efficiently and environmentally friendly,which provides a green scheme for abiotic stress alleviation and nutrient enrichment.Therefore,on one hand,this paper summarizes the microbial regulation on the absorption of detrimental elements(Cu and Cd)and alleviation of their stress as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms from the perspective of microorganism-plant interactions.On the other hand,this paper analyzes the regulatory effects of microorganisms on the absorption,transport,and accumulation of two beneficial minerals(Fe and Zn)in wheat.In particular,the review focuses on the mechanism of endophytes in promoting Fe and Zn enrichment,which is promising for green and efficient sustainable agricultural development.This review aims to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for the application of microorganisms in improving wheat production and quality.
作者
师旖旎
肖宏坤
齐艳利
李成伟
孙忠科
SHI Yini;XIAO Hongkun;QI Yanli;LI Chengweil;SUN Zhongke(School of Biological Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China;College of Life Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China)
出处
《微生物学通报》
北大核心
2025年第7期2984-2996,共13页
Microbiology China
基金
国家自然科学基金(32071478)。
关键词
小麦
微生物
微量元素稳态
非生物胁迫
营养强化
wheat
microorganisms
trace element homeostasis
abiotic stress
nutrient enrichment
