摘要
超材料是一类人工设计的结构材料,因其具有自然材料不具备的超常属性而备受关注。作为超材料的重要分支,热学超材料通过灵活调控热流可实现一系列超常热功能,如热隐身、热集中和热旋转等,在航空航天、能源和电子等领域具有重要的应用价值。本研究首先介绍了基于变换热学、散射抵消和拓扑优化的热学超材料传统设计方法,讨论了传统设计方法存在的设计效率低、灵活性差和计算成本高等局限。随后,重点介绍了基于深度学习和智能算法的热学超材料智能设计研究进展,探讨了智能设计方法在设计效率、设计灵活性以及满足复杂设计需求等方面的独特优势。最后,介绍了几类具有超常热功能的热学超材料应用实例,并展望了热学超材料智能设计的未来研究方向。
Metamaterials are artificially designed structured materials that have attracted considerable attention due to their extraordinary properties that are not found in natural materials.As an important branch of metamaterials,thermal metamaterials canobtain a wide range of extraordinary thermal functions,such as thermal cloaking,thermal concentration,and thermal rotation,through flexible manipulation of heat flow,which makes them have significant application potential in the fields such as aerospace,energy,and electronics.Here,we first introduce the traditional design methods of thermal metamaterials based on transformation thermotics,scattering cancellation,and topology optimization,and discusse the limitations of traditional methods,such as low design efficiency,limited flexibility,and high computational costs.Subsequently,we highlight recent advances in the intelligent design of thermal metamaterials using deep learning and intelligent algorithms,and examine the unique advantages of the intelligent design method in terms of efficiency,flexibility,and the ability to meet complex design requirements.Finally,several application examples of thermal metamaterials with extraordinary thermal functions are presented,and the future research directions for intelligent design of thermal metamaterials are also discussed.
作者
高亮
张严
熊伟
李培跃
汪朝晖
段伟
GAO Liang;ZHANG Yan;XIONG Wei;LI Peiyue;WANG Zhaohui;DUAN Wei(State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control,Technology of Ministry of Education,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China;Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute,Luoyang 471023,China)
出处
《材料开发与应用》
2025年第3期1-14,共14页
Development and Application of Materials
基金
国家自然科学基金(52205280)
中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2024M763044)。
关键词
热学超材料
变换热学
散射抵消
拓扑优化
智能设计
thermal metamaterials
transformation thermotics
scattering cancellation
topology optimization
intelligent design
