摘要
【目的】为解决磁浮车辆制动闸片在载流工况下,因电阻热和电弧热作用导致的接触表面较无电流时大幅升高,进而引起闸片摩擦因数降低和磨损率增加的问题。【方法】综合运用OLYMPUS-DSX100型数码体式显微镜、JSM-6610型扫描电子显微镜及OXFORDX-MAX50型能谱仪,系统地分析闸片磨损量、摩擦系数与磨损形貌特征;通过载流摩擦磨损试验台,探究了摩擦副表面的洛氏硬度(51.8 HRC至堆焊强化后≥50HRC)对闸片性能的影响,揭示电流强度(0~50A)与温度对摩擦学行为的调控机制。【结果及结论】电流介入后,电阻热与电弧热使接触面温度升高,导致材料软化、结合强度降低,磨损率较无电流工况提升2~3倍,摩擦因数下降15%~20%;堆焊耐磨层可提升摩擦副的洛氏硬度至50HRC以上,碳化物形成有效抑制电弧烧蚀,使闸片磨损率降低50%,摩擦因数稳定于0.3675;磨损形貌分析表明,堆焊处理可以减少犁沟与磨屑堆积,改善表面分层现象,实现摩擦副长效匹配。研究成果可为延长闸片与轨道寿命、降低运维成本(预估减少20%~30%)及保障磁浮车辆安全运营提供技术支撑。
[Objective]To address the issue in maglev vehi-cle pads,where under energized conditions,due to the effects of resistance heat and arc heat,the temperature of the contact surface of copper-based powder metallurgy brake pads in ma-glev vehicles increases significantly compared to non-energized states,resulting in a decrease in the brake pad friction coeffi-cient and an increase in the wear rate.[Method]By compre-hensively using the OLYMPUS-DSX100 digital stereo micro-scope,the JSM-6610 scanning electron microscope,and the OXFORD X-MAX50 energy spectrometer,the wear amount,friction coefficient,and wear morphology characteristics of the brake pads are systematically analyzed.Through the current-carrying friction wear test bench,the influence of the friction pair surface Rockwell hardness(51.8 HRC to≥50 HRC after hardfacing)on the brake pad performance is investigated,re-vealing the regulatory mechanisms of current intensity(0-50 A)and temperature on the tribological behavior.[Result&Conclusion]Upon introduction of the current,the resistance heat and arc heat cause the contact surface temperature rise,re-sulting in material softening,reduced bonding strength,and a 2-3 times increase in wear rate compared to the no-current con-dition and 15%-20%decrease in friction coefficient.The wear-resistant hardfacing layer can increase the Rockwell hard-ness of the friction pair to above 50 HRC.and carbides forma-tion can effectively inhibits arc erosion,reducing the brake pad wear rate by 50%and stabilizing the friction coefficient at 0.3675.The worn morphology analysis shows that the hard-facing treatment can reduce the furrows and the accumulation of abrasive debris,improve the surface layering phenomenon,and achieve long-term matching of the friction pair.This a-chievement provides a key technical support for extending the service life of brake pads and tracks,reducing operation and maintenance costs(estimated to be reduced by 20%~30%)and ensuring the safe operation of maglev vehicles.
作者
杜慧杰
魏江
张斌
梁博韬
DU Huijie;WEI Jiang;ZHANG Bin;LIANG Botao(CRRC Tangshan Co.,Ltd.,063035,Tangshan,China;QingYuan Maglev Transportation Co.,Ltd.,511500,Qingyuan,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,211816,Nanjing,China)
出处
《城市轨道交通研究》
北大核心
2025年第8期135-138,共4页
Urban Mass Transit
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB1200600)。
关键词
磁浮车辆
摩擦副
磨损率
电流强度
匹配性
maglev vehicle
friction pair
wear rate
current intensity
matching
