摘要
在实际工作过程中,电动挖掘机所承受的载荷往往表现出显著的非平稳随机特性,导致电动挖掘机电池包振动现象十分复杂,从而直接影响电池包的安全、可靠运行。针对这一问题,探究了复杂工况下电动挖掘机所承受的路面激励、柱塞泵压力脉动激励和冲击激励特性,分析了各种激励下的振动传递路径,建立了电动挖掘机电池包的动力学模型,揭示了非平稳随机激励下电池包的振动特性,并通过实例进行了分析和验证。研究表明,基于小波变换及灰狼优化-变分模态分解(Grey Wolf Optimization-Variational Mode Decomposition,GWO-VMD)信号分析算法对路面激励信号进行重构,能够较好地反映路面激励特性;行驶工况下电动挖掘机所承受的路面激励具有显著的非平稳特性;在路面激励等非平稳随机激励作用下,电动挖掘机电池包产生复杂多变的振动,其动态响应的功率谱密度随时间变化显著,具有明显的非平稳随机特性。研究工作为电动挖掘机电池包的安全、可靠运行提供了一定的参考。
In practical operation,the loads borne by electric excavators often exhibit significant non-stationary random characteristics,leading to complex vibration phenomena of the battery pack,which directly affects the safe and reliable operation of the battery pack.To address this issue,the characteristics of road excitation,plunger pump pressure pulsation excitation,and impact excitation on electric excavators under complex working conditions were investigated.The vibration transmission paths under various excitations were analyzed,a dynamic model of the battery pack was established,the vibration characteristics of the battery pack under non-stationary random excitation were revealed,and case studies were conducted for analysis and verification.The research shows that reconstructing road excitation signals based on wavelet transform and Grey Wolf Optimization-Variational Mode Decomposition(GWO-VMD)signal analysis algorithm can effectively reflect the characteristics of road excitation.The road excitation borne by electric excavators under driving conditions exhibits significant non-stationary characteristics.Under non-stationary random excitations such as road excitation,the battery pack of electric excavators produces complex and changeable vibrations,whose power spectral density of dynamic response changes significantly with time,showing obvious non-stationary random characteristics.This study provides a reference for the safe and reliable operation of battery packs in electric excavators.
作者
李兆军
李飞标
王波
赵明
吴方明
LI Zhaojun;LI Feibiao;WANG Bo;ZHAO Ming;WU Fangming(School of Mechanical Engineering,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Liuzhou 545007,China)
出处
《机械强度》
北大核心
2025年第8期74-81,共8页
Journal of Mechanical Strength
基金
广西科技重大专项(AA23062072,AA24206034)。
关键词
电动挖掘机
电池包
非平稳
随机激励
振动特性
Electric excavator
Battery pack
Non-stationary
Random excitation
Vibration characteristic
