摘要
随着食品安全问题日益成为社会关注的焦点,食品添加剂,尤其是合成色素的使用成为了重要议题。合成色素在提升食品外观吸引力的同时,也可能对人体健康产生潜在危害,如过敏反应、致癌性等。因此,开发高效、灵敏的快速检测技术对于食品安全现场检查是至关重要的。酶联免疫吸附快检技术(ELISA)利用抗原-抗体的特异性结合原理,能够高效、精准地识别和定量分析食品中微量的合成色素。与传统的检测方法相比,ELISA极大地提升了食品安全现场检查的效率。对ELISA在合成色素检测中的应用现状进行了总结,分析了其在不同类型色素检测中的优势与局限性。重点探讨了ELISA在偶氮类色素、三芳基甲烷类色素及氧杂蒽类色素检测中的成功应用,并指出了ELISA在多重检测能力、样品基质效应及操作复杂度等方面的挑战。最后,展望了ELISA未来在食品合成色素检测中的发展方向,强调了技术创新和优化对提升食品安全检测水平的重要性,以及对保障公众健康和提升食品安全水平起到更加重要的作用。
As food safety increasingly becomes a focus of public concern,the use of food additives,especially synthetic colorants,has become an important issue.Synthetic colorants may not only enhance the visual appeal of food,but also have potential hazards to human health,such as allergic reactions and carcinogenicity.Therefore,the development of highly efficient,sensitive,and rapid test technologies is crucial for food safety.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)leverages the specific binding between antigens and antibodies to efficiently and accurately identify and quantify trace amounts of synthetic colorants in food.Compared with traditional detection methods,ELISA significantly improves the efficiency of on-site food safety inspections.This review summarized the current application status of ELISA in synthetic colorant detection,and analyzed its advantages and limitations in the detection of different types of colorants.The successful application of ELISA in detecting azo,triylmethane and oxanthene dyes was discussed,and the challenges of ELISA in multiplex detection capability,sample matrix effect,and operational complexity were highlighted.Finally,the future development direction of ELISA for food synthetic colorants was prospected,and the importance of technological innovation and optimization in enhancing food safety testing,protecting public health,and improving food quality assurance was emphasized.
作者
梁睿丹
马康
周澍堃
LIANG Rui-dan;MA Kang;ZHOU Shu-kun(National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《化学试剂》
2025年第8期66-72,共7页
Chemical Reagents
基金
国家重大研发计划课题项目(2023YFD1301504)。
