摘要
机械载荷对骨组织塑形、重塑和再生有重要影响。骨组织培养是研究机械载荷对骨骼作用的重要模型,其通过提供可控的环境来保持离体组织的生物活性,为研究细胞及细胞外基质提供了独特的平台。骨组织培养体系中的机械载荷按机械刺激类型分为静水压力、压缩力、灌注负载、Zetos培养系统等。不同类型的机械载荷加载到骨组织并对其进行培养,出现不同骨重塑结果,如骨细胞活性改变、成骨细胞骨形成和破骨细胞骨吸收。适宜的机械载荷可提高骨组织中骨细胞活力,促进骨合成代谢,可改变骨形成信号传导,促进骨形成的进程;较低的或过度机械载荷可提高骨骼破骨细胞活性、促进骨吸收。因此,理解机械载荷对骨组织的作用能帮助我们更好地了解与骨骼功能相适应的细胞和分子学基础。本文对骨组织的机械载荷按机械刺激类型分类进行综述,并详细阐述了机械载荷在骨组织重塑领域的研究进展,为后续骨组织的优化提供更完善的指导,更有助于了解骨骼相关疾病的病理生理机制进展。
Mechanical loads have a significant impact on bone tissue modeling,remodeling,and regeneration.Bone tissue culture is an important model for studying the effect of mechanical loads on bones.It provides a controllable environment to maintain in vitro tissue activity and provides a unique platform for studying the cells in their natural extracellular matrix(ECM).The mechanical loads for bone tissue culture can be classified into static water pressure,compression force,perfusion load,and other types of mechanical stimuli,such as the Zetos culture system,etc.Different types of mechanical loads applied to bone implants exhibit different results in bone tissue remodeling.For bone tissue culture,mechanical loading has an impact on bone cells,bone formation,and bone resorption.Appropriate mechanical loading increases osteoclast viability in bone tissue and promotes bone anabolism;it can alter the signal transduction of bone formation and promote the progression of bone formation.Bones exposed to low or excessive mechanical loads exhibit increased osteoclast activity and bone resorption.Therefore,a better understanding of the cellular and molecular basis of bone functional adaptation is needed for the response and predictive control of mechanical loads on bone explants.This article provides a review of the classification of mechanical loads in bone explant culture according to the type of mechanical stimulation and elaborates on the research progress of mechanical loads in the field of bone tissue remodeling in bone explant culture models.It provides more comprehensive guidance for the classification of mechanical loads in subsequent modeling of bone tissue culture models,which helps to understand the progress of bone diseases and pathology.
作者
田爱现
马剑雄
马信龙
李岩
孙晓雷
Tian Aixian;Ma Jianxiong;Ma Xinlong;Li Yan;Sun Xiaolei(Department of Orthopaedic institute,Tianjin Hospital(Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University),Tianjin 300021,China)
出处
《中华实验外科杂志》
2025年第6期1169-1174,共6页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Surgery
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(82304976)
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3601900)
天津市科技局重点项目(22JCZDJC00340)。
