摘要
围绕如何调控金属表面性能实现能量输出特性提升,从表面刻蚀和表面包覆的角度出发,针对当前化学刻蚀、物理刻蚀、物理化学刻蚀、物理混合、喷雾干燥、化学气相沉积、等离子体增强化学气相沉积、原子层沉积和自组装9种方法,阐释了其作用原理、处理效果及其对金属粉末点火性能、燃烧性能和储存性能的影响。综述了近年来铝粉、硼粉表面功能化方法的研究进展。聚焦表面刻蚀和表面包覆两大策略,阐释了其对金属粉末点火、燃烧、储存性能的影响。对金属粉末表面功能化方法的未来发展方向进行了展望,分析指出金属粉末单一表面功能化方法提升有限,未来应结合刻蚀与包覆、优化包覆层组分和厚度控制、发展多组分协同包覆,以满足其抗氧化、促燃、钝感等多重需求。附参考文献101篇。
Focusing on strategies to control the surface properties of metals for enhancing energy output characteristics,from the perspectives of surface etching and surface coating,the current nine methods—chemical etching,physical etching,physicochemical etching,physical mixing,spray drying,chemical vapor deposition,plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition,atomic layer deposition,and self-assembly—are elaborated,their working principles,treatment effects,and impacts on the ignition performance,combustion performance,and storage performance of metal powders were explained.The recent research progress on surface functionalization methods for aluminum powder and boron powder was reviwed.Focusing on the two strategies of surface etching and surface coating,the effects of surface etching on the ignition,combustion,and storage performance of metal powders were explained.In the future,it is necessary to integrate etching and coating,optimize the composition and thickness control of the coating layer,and develop multicomponent synergistic coatings to meet its multiple performance requirements such as oxidation resistance,combustion enhancement,and passivation.101 References were attached.
作者
李康康
张家阳
詹兆堃
叶刘钰
王文瑞
霍宏彪
叶家海
程鹤
张文超
LI Kang-kang;ZHANG Jia-yang;ZHAN Zhao-kun;YE Liu-yu;WANG Wen-rui;HUO Hong-biao;YE Jia-hai;CHENG He;ZHANG Wen-chao(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Tecnology,Nanjing 210094,China)
出处
《火炸药学报》
北大核心
2025年第7期591-608,I0001,共19页
Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.U2341249,12005076,22205112)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(No.2025201012)。
关键词
含能材料
金属粉末
表面功能化
抗氧化
点火性能
energetic material
metal powder
surface functionalization
antioxidant
ignition performance
