摘要
潮勇是清政府临时招募的潮州籍武装人员。金田起义后,清军因兵力短缺而招募大量潮勇。他们骁勇善战,是太平天国战争前期清政府倚赖的重要军事力量,但又因其桀骜难驯、肆扰民间甚至临阵倒戈而常被裁撤。部分潮勇被裁撤后,由于没有得到妥善安置而成为游匪,对地方社会造成极大冲击。清政府无力兼顾现役潮勇的兵饷和被裁撤潮勇的生计问题,且无法进行有效管控,由此陷入“此军裁彼军招,此时裁彼时招”的困境。频繁的潮勇作乱,不仅反映出晚清底层人民的生存困境,也暴露出清政府军事管理的混乱和矛盾。
"Chaoyong"refers to the temporary armed forces recruited by the Qing government from Chaozhou.After the Jintian Uprising,the Qing army,facing a severe shortage of troops,enlisted large numbers of soldiers form Chaozhou.Renowned for their bravery and combat prowess,Chaoyong emerged as a key military force relied upon by the Qing government in the early stages of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement.However,they also proved to be a volatile group:prone to unrest that threatened local populations,and even liable to defect during battles.This duality led the Qing government to frequently disband them.Many demobilized Chaoyong,lacking alternative livelihoods,turned to banditry,posing significant threats to local society.Plagued by its inability to simultaneously meet the pay demands of active Chaoyong and provide sustainable livelihoods for demobilized ones,the Qing government gradually lost effective control over the issue.This created a vicious cycle where new Chaoyong were continuously recruited merely to offset the losses from disbandments.The frequent rebellions of Chaoyong not only reflected the desperate survival predicaments of the lower classes in late Qing society but also exposed the chaos and contradictions inherent in the Qing government's military management system.
出处
《近代史研究》
北大核心
2025年第4期147-157,M0006,共12页
Modern Chinese History Studies
基金
江西省社会科学“十四五”(2023)基金青年项目“太平天国时期江西团练研究”(23LS05)的阶段性成果。
