摘要
督练公所是清末新政期间各省普遍设立的督练新军的新式省级军事机构,构成清朝国家军事权力结构中的组成部分。在地方督抚兼任督办的领导下,督练公所采取日常办公、集体议事相结合的运转模式,协调本省新军司令机关、军事局所及外省督练公所办理练兵事务,重新构建了地方军务运行机制。督练公所在该机制中居于核心地位,负责对接和转化中央练兵政策,是督抚得以推动地方军事改革的关键助手。在此过程中,督练公所也成为地方督抚获取新军训练、节制、调遣权的工具。这一时期的督抚军权,既未“重”至“专政”的地步,也没有“轻”到“不能有效地控制”的程度,不宜笼统地称之为“外重”或“外轻”。
The Head Staff Office was the new provincial military institution established by the local governors to train the new army in the late Qing New Policy Reforms,which was a component of the state military power structure of the Qing Dynasty.Under the leadership of the local governors who also served as supervisors,the Head Staff Office operated in a combination of daily office work and group decision-making,coordinating the command agencies,military bureaus,and other provincial Head Staff Offices to handle military affairs,and reconstructing the local military operation mechanism.The Head Staff Office held a core position in this mechanism,serving as the link and transformer of the central military policies,and was a key assistant for local governors to promote local military reforms.In this process,the Head Staff Office also became a powerful tool for local governors to control the military power of the new army.The military power of the local governors during this period had not reached the level of a dictatorship,and not to the point of losing control,which cannot be summarized as“heavy outside”or“weak outside.”
出处
《广东社会科学》
北大核心
2025年第4期168-179,286,共13页
Social Sciences in Guangdong
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“清末新军史事编年及相关问题研究”(项目号22BZS091)阶段性成果。
