摘要
由多个机构联合推动的杜威在华讲学是一次深入的中美文化交流,潜藏着对于“教育文化改造加议会民主政治”的美国道路的倡导。重建促成杜威讲学的历史过程,并分析“五四”前后美国进步主义文化乃至美国道路在中国得以广泛传播的深层根源,意义重大。杜威访华起初是一时兴起的私人观光之旅,逐渐发展成被各机构聘请长期在华讲学。以江苏省教育会为核心组织起来的邀请机构网络和以胡适为核心的杜威弟子们在促成杜威讲学中发挥了关键作用。杜威在华讲学不无偶然,但美国进步主义文化乃至美国道路在“五四”前后的广泛传播,则是晚清以来中美合作潮流发展至“五四”所产生的一种必然趋势。晚清以来中美实业界不断推动合作计划、美日在东亚的争夺在1918年趋于白热化、苏沪民族工商业在一战期间的繁荣发展以及依托于这一资本集团的江苏省教育会势力的壮大、新文化运动和新教育改革的蓬勃开展共同造就了这一趋势。
The Dewey’s Lecturing in China,jointly promoted by a number of organizations,was a profound cultural exchange between China and the United States and a latent advocacy of the American path of“educational and cultural transformation plus parliamentary democracy.”We reconstruct the historical process that led to Dewey’s lecturing and analyze the deep roots of the widespread dissemination of American progressivism and the American path in China before and after the May Fourth Movement.Dewey’s visit to China began as a spur-of-the-moment private sightseeing trip,and gradually evolved into a long-term lecture tour in China sponsored by various organizations.A network of inviting institutions,organized around the Jiangsu Provincial Education Association(JPEA),and Dewey’s students,centered around Hu Shi,played key roles in making Dewey’s lecturing possible.Dewey’s lecturing in China was somewhat accidental,but the widespread dissemination of American progressivism and even the American path before and after the May Fourth Movement was an inevitable trend resulting from the development of the trend of Sino-American cooperation since the late Qing Dynasty until the May Fourth Movement.This trend was created by the continuous promotion of cooperation programs between the Chinese and American industries since the late Qing Dynasty,the American-Japanese rivalry in East Asia that became hot in 1918,the prosperous development of national industry in the Suzhou-Shanghai area during World War I,and the growth of the JPEA relying on this capitalist group,as well as the vigorous development of the New Culture Movement and the New Educational Reform.
出处
《广东社会科学》
北大核心
2025年第4期140-154,286,共16页
Social Sciences in Guangdong
基金
国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“杜威访华与五四变局”(22FZSB074)阶段性成果。
