摘要
【目的】明确楚雄烟区不同生境烟田中烟草番茄斑萎病的发生情况及探明周边毒源植物。【方法】2024年5—7月系统调查介体蓟马的扩散距离及6个不同生境烟田中蓟马总数和烟草番茄斑萎病的发生情况,并利用RT-PCR技术对6个生境的烟叶及周边作物和杂草进行番茄斑萎病毒(TSWV)检测和基于TSWV N蛋白的基因测序,通过MEGA序列对比分析不同生境烟田中烟叶与周边作物和杂草上TSWV的亲缘关系。【结果】蓟马从烟田外植物向烟田扩散的距离为100 m左右。6个不同生境烟田中,以水库旁烟田中监测到的蓟马总数最高,蔬菜旁烟田的TSWV病情指数最高,玉米旁烟田的最低。不同生境烟叶及周边作物和杂草上TSWV的检出率为85.42%;系统进化树表明,烟田周边大多数作物是烟草番茄斑萎病的直接来源,如黄瓜、甘蓝、菜豆、柑橘,且周边的4种杂草(喜旱莲子草、青蒿、胜红蓟和水芹菜)也是烟草TSWV的毒源植物。【结论】为更好地防治烟田中烟草番茄斑萎病的发生,在种植烟草时,周边可以适当种植玉米等禾本科的隔离作物,但应避免毒源植物的出现,周边种植有TSWV寄主的植物时,应远离烟田100 m以上。
[Objective]The study aimed to clarify the occurrence and identify surrounding virus host plants of tomato spotted wilt virus(TSWV)in different habitats of tobacco fields in Chuxiong tobacco-growing area.[Method]From May to July 2024,a systematic investigation was conducted to determine the dispersal distance of the vector thrips and the total number of thrips and the occurrence of TSWV in six different tobacco fields.The study used RT-PCR technology to detect Tomato spotted wilt virus(TSWV)in tobacco leaves and surrounding crops and weeds in the six habitats,and conducted gene sequencing based on the N protein of TSWV.The study also conducted a MEGA sequence comparison to analyze the genetic relationship of TSWV between tobacco leaves in different habitats and surrounding crops and weeds.[Result]Thrips dispersed from plants outside tobacco fields to tobacco fields within a distance of about 100 m.Among the 6 different habitats in tobacco fields,the highest number of thrips was monitored in the tobacco field near a reservoir with perennial weeds,and the highest TSWV disease index was found in the tobacco field adjacent to vegetables,while the lowest was found in the tobacco field adjacent to maize.The detection rate of TSWV was 85.42%of tobacco leaves and surrounding crops and weeds in different habitats,and the phylogenetic tree showed that most crops in the surrounding area of tobacco fields were direct sources of TSWV,such as cucumber,cabbage,bean and citrus.And the surrounding four weeds,such as Alternanthera philoxeroides,Artemisia caruifolia,Ageratum conyzoide and Oenanthe javanica,were virus host plants of TSWV in tobacco.[Conclusion]In order to better prevent and control the occurrence of tobacco tomato spotted wilt virus in tobacco fields,isolated crops such as corn and other grass family can be appropriately planted around tobacco plants,but the appearance of virus host plants shall be avoided.When TSwV host plants are planted around,they shall be more than 100 m away.
作者
胡杨
刘叶青
吴德喜
杨旸
黄文武
李鑫磊
段茂鹤
熊普娟
蔡华勇
李佛琳
HU Yang;LIU Ye-qing;WU De-xi;YANG Yang;HUANG Wenwu;LI Xin-lei;DUAN Mao-he;XIONG Pu-juan;CAI Hua-yong;U Fo-lin(Chuxiong Tobaco Company of Yunnan Prorince,Chuxiong,Yunnan 675000,China;Yunnan Agriculural Univrity,Kunning 650201,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期901-911,共11页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司科技计划一般项目(2023532301cy003)。
关键词
烟草
番茄斑萎病毒
周边毒源植物
蓟马
Tobacco
Tomato spotted wilt virus
Peripheral virus host plants
Thrips
