摘要
为了揭示干旱胁迫下北方农牧交错区不同类型农户生计脆弱性的差异,本研究以陕西省榆阳区为例,基于暴露水平、敏感程度和适应能力,构建了农户生计脆弱性评价指标体系,采用421份农户问卷调查数据,解析了2022年榆阳区不同类型农户生计脆弱性及其差异特征,并利用障碍度模型识别了影响因素。结果显示:调查农户的生计脆弱性整体处于较高水平,其中户主未上过学、户主仅上过小学及纯农户三种类型的农户生计脆弱性水平较高,分别为1.767、1.009和0.967。农户生计脆弱性与生计非农化程度、农户学历呈反比,与农户年龄呈正比;自然灾害造成农作物损失、农产品销售得不到保障分别是农户生计暴露水平和敏感程度较高的主要诱因,户主教育背景和家庭社会关系是农户生计适应能力的主要影响因素。研究表明,不同类型农户的生计脆弱性差异显著,农户生计策略越多样、户主学历越高、平均年龄越小,其生计脆弱性越低,反之越高。基于研究结果,本文提出了旨在提升北方农牧交错区农户气候变化韧性的政策及措施建议。
In order to reveal the differences of farmers′livelihood vulnerability to drought in China′s agro-pastoral ecotone,this study took Yuyang District of Shaanxi Province as an example,established an evaluation model of farmers′livelihood vulnerability from the perspectives of exposure,sensitivity and adaptability.Based on the data collected through surveying 421 farmers with questionnaires in 2022,the paper evaluated farmers′livelihood vulnerability to drought and identified the influencing factors by using the obstacle model.The results showed that the livelihood vulnerability of the surveyed farmers was at a high level as a whole.Householder had never been to school,householder of primary school and pure farmers were those of highest vulnerability,with 1.767,1.009 and 0.967 respectively.Livelihood vulnerability was negatively correlated with nonagricultural livelihood and householders′education while it positively correlated with householders′ age. The loss of crops caused by natural disasters and no guaranteed agricultural product transaction were the mainfactors to high livelihood exposure and sensitively separately. Householders′ education and family social relationship were the maininfluential factors to farmers′ livelihood adaptability. The research shows that the livelihood vulnerability of different types of farmers issignificantly different. On the whole, the higher level the householder′ s education and younger age and the more diversified livelihoodstrategies indicate lower livelihood vulnerability, and vice versa. Based on the research results, this paper puts forward with policies andmeasures to improve the farmers′ climate resilience in China′s agro-pastoral ecotone.
作者
李玉恒
左文洁
成汶璟
STANNY Monika
杜国明
LI Yuheng;ZUO Wenjie;CHENG Wenjing;STANNY Monika;DU Guoming(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Public Administration and Law,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Institute of Rural and Agricultural Development,Polish Academy of Sciences,Warsaw 00-330,Poland)
出处
《农业资源与环境学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期1115-1124,共10页
Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42171208)。
关键词
北方农牧交错区
农户生计脆弱性
气候变化
干旱
agro-pastoral ecotone
farmers′livelihood vulnerability
climate change
drought
