摘要
随着无人机应用领域不断拓展,作为其核心动力部件的永磁无刷直流电机的效率优化愈发重要。现针对无人机用永磁无刷直流电机的特殊要求,从电磁结构与控制策略两方面展开研究。通过对槽极配合、极弧系数与气隙长度等关键参数的分析,确定12槽14极配合、0.84极弧系数和1.0 mm气隙长度能有效降低齿槽转矩和损耗;采用永磁体削角和周向分段技术能将涡流损耗降低80%以上;基于电机损耗机理,建立了铁损、铜损和永磁体涡流损耗计算模型。在控制策略方面,将正弦波驱动与矢量控制技术相结合,有效提高了电机效率约8%,使转矩波动减小40%以上。研究结果对提高无人机的续航能力和飞行稳定性具有重要的工程应用价值。
With continuous expansion of application fields of the unmanned aerial vehicles,the efficiency optimization of permanent magnet brushless DC motor as the core power component of it has become increasingly important.In view of the special requirements of permanent magnet brushless DC motors used in the unmanned aerial vehicles,this paper carries out the research from two aspects of electromagnetic structure and control strategy.Through analyzing the key parameters such as slot-pole fit,pole arc coefficient and air-gap length,it is determined that the cogging torque and loss of the motor with 12-slot 14-pole fit,0.84 pole arc coefficient and 1.0 mm air-gap length can be effectively reduced.The eddy current losses of the motor with chamfering and circumferential segmentation permanent magnets can be reduced by more than 80%.Based on the loss mechanism of motor,this paper establishes the calculation models of iron loss,the copper loss and permanent magnets eddy current loss.In terms of control strategy,this paper combines the sinusoidal wave drive and vector control technologies to effectively increase the motor efficiency by approximate 8%and reduce the torque fluctuation by more than 40%.The research results have the significant engineering application value to improve the endurance and flight stability of the unmanned aerial vehicles.
作者
蒋帅
Jiang Shuai(Wuxi Branch of Jiamusi Explosion-Proof Electric Machine Institute Co.,Ltd.,Wuxi 214100,China)
出处
《防爆电机》
2025年第4期59-63,共5页
Explosion-proof Electric Machine
关键词
无刷直流电机
无人机
永磁体结构
损耗分析
Brushless DC motor
unmanned aerial vehicle
permanent magnets structure
loss analysis
