摘要
目的分析儿童急性呼吸道感染(acute respiratory infection,ARI)病原微生物特征及流行病学特点。方法采集2021年1—12月因ARI于吉安市第一人民医院就诊的150例儿童病例样本,采用间接免疫荧光法检测人血清中11种呼吸道病原体的IgM抗体,分析儿童呼吸道病原体IgM抗体检测情况、呼吸道病原体感染情况、各年龄段患儿血清病原体IgM抗体检测结果、不同季节血清病原体IgM抗体检测结果及ARI病例临床及感染特征分析。结果150例ARI患儿,阳性样本98例(65.33%),男58例,女40例,阴性与阳性患儿性别比较差异无统计学意义。1种病原体感染占比为70.41%,≥2种病原体感染占比29.59%,混合感染中肺炎支原体合并其他感染占比最高。各年龄段病原体阳性构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中<1岁占比最高,为44.90%。乙型流感病毒(influenza B virus,IFB)在各组阳性病例中占比分别为38.64%、40.00%、27.78%、18.18%。各季节病原体阳性占比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),冬季(57.14%)、春季(27.55%)感染率较高。总感染病例中X射线肺部异常、肺炎发生率均高于未检出感染病例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论儿童ARI病原体以IFB为主,1岁以下易感,春、冬季高发。
Objective To analyze the pathogenic microorganisms characteristics and epidemiology characteristics of acute respiratory infection(ARI)in children.Methods Samples of 150 children with ARI in Ji'an First People's Hospital from January to December 2021 were collected,and IgM antibodies against 11 respiratory pathogens in human serum were detected by indirect immunofluorescence.The detection of IgM antibodies against respiratory pathogens in children,the infection of respiratory pathogens,the detection results of IgM antibodies against serum pathogens in children of different age groups,the detection results of IgM antibodies against serum pathogens in different seasons,and the clinical and infection characteristics of ARI cases were analyzed.Results Among 150 children with ARI,98 cases(65.33%)were positive samples,including 58 males and 40 females,there was no statistically significant difference in genders between positive and negative patients.The proportion of infection by one pathogen was 70.41%,and the proportion of infection with≥2 pathogens was 29.59%,among the mixed infections,the proportion of mycoplasma pneumoniae combined with other infections was the highest.There was statisticaly significant difference in the positive composition of pathogens among different age groups(P<0.05),and the highest proportion was<1 year old(44.90%).The proportions of influenza B virus(IFB)in the positive cases in each group were 38.64%,40.00%,27.78%and 18.18%,respectively.There was statistically significant difference in the positive proportion of pathogens in each season(P<0.05),and the infection rates were higher in winter(57.14%)and spring(27.55%).The incidence of X-ray lung abnormalities and pneumonia in the total number of infected cases were higher than those in the undetected cases,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion IFB is the main pathogen of ARI in children,and it is susceptible to children under 1 year old,with high incidence in spring and winter.
作者
龚伟
刘玉芬
黄志勇
GONG Wei;LIU Yufen;HUANG Zhiyong(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Ji'an First People's Hospital,Ji'an,Jiangxi,343000,China;Department of Pediatrics,Ji'an First People's Hospital,Ji'an,Jiangxi,343000,China)
出处
《当代医学》
2025年第2期44-48,共5页
Contemporary Medicine
关键词
急性呼吸道感染
儿童
病原学
流行病学
Acute respiratory infection
Children
Etiology
Epidemiology
