摘要
我国是喀斯特发育的国家。全国碳酸岩系分布总面积在200万平方公里以上,碳酸岩出露的面积约占总面积的13%;其中尤以广西、云南、贵州等区最大,碳酸岩面积均占3省区总面积的50%以上。随着建设的发展,对喀斯特地区的地质、地貌和水文地质等做了大量研究工作;水利事业的开发,又带动了喀斯特水文学的发展。
The region concerned in this paper,covers the parts of the basins of Zhujiang and Yuanjiang,it is limited to the area between 102°-110°E and 23°E-25°E.22 catchments of which each area is less than 3,000 km^(2)were selected for analysing and 2 non-karstic catch-ments for comparison(Fig.1).The following results were obtained:1.The values of annual runoff modulus decrease with the increase of percentage of karstic area(Fig.4).2.The values of annual lost runoff modulus M_(n)are negative for the most catchme-nts(Tab.4).The definition of lost runoff modulus can be expressed by the equation of M_(n)=M_(k)-M_(c),where Mk and Mc.are annual runoff modulus of karstic and non-karstic ca-tchments respectively.3.The term(K_(Ф)-K_(H))is defined as the coefficient of supply intensity by groundwa-ter.K^and KH are runoff modulus of low flow season respectively in karstic and non-kar-stic catchments.Close relation exists between(K_(Ф)-K_(H))and MK/M,(Fig.5).4.The ratio M_(K)/M_(C)of the catchments up to 3,000 km^(2) in area approaches to 1 when the effect of karst is diminished(Fig.6).5.The water balance equation for karstic catchments is P=R+B+W_(1)-W_(2),where P is precipitation,E is evapotranspration,R is runoff,Wi and W_(2)are outflow and in-flow of catchments respectively.Using the equation the estimated annual evapotranspira-tion of Eastern Yunnan and Western Guangxi had been obtained.
作者
汤奇成
栾禄凯
Tang Qi-cheng;Luan Lu-kai(Institute of Geography,Academia Sinica)
出处
《地理学报》
1983年第4期372-381,共10页
Acta Geographica Sinica
