摘要
目的探讨社区老年人内在能力现状及变化轨迹,并分析其影响因素。方法采用纵向研究设计,于2022年9月—2024年3月,应用便利抽样法选取北京市西城区德胜社区及河北省邢台市留村社区的360名老年人为研究对象,使用内在能力评估表、内在能力影响因素调查表分别在基线(T1)、6个月(T2)及12个月(T3)3个时间节点对老年人进行调查。采用增长混合模型对社区老年人的内在能力轨迹进行分类,采用二项Logistic回归分析探讨不同类别社区老年人内在能力轨迹的影响因素。结果T1调查360名社区老年人,T2、T3分别失访58、30名社区老年人,最终272名老年人完成随访。增长混合模型结果显示,社区老年人内在能力发展轨迹包括2个类别,即高分稳定组(92.3%,251/272)和低分下降组(7.7%,21/272)。二项Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、握力、老年综合征数量、社交活动种类是社区老年人内在能力轨迹类别的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论社区老年人的内在能力发展轨迹具有异质性,医护人员应重视高龄、握力较低、老年综合征数较多、社交活动种类较少的老年人内在能力评估及管理,尽早制订针对性干预措施。
Objective To investigate the current status and trajectory of intrinsic capacity in community-dwelling older adults and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods A longitudinal study was conducted from September 2022 to March 2024.A total of 360 older adults were selected by convenience sampling from the Desheng community,Xicheng District of Beijing City and Liucun Community of Xingtai City,Hebei Province.The Intrinsic Capacity Assessment Scale and the Influencing Factors Questionnaire were administered at three-time points:baseline(T1),6 months(T2),and 12 months(T3).Binary Logistic regression analysis revealed that age,grip strength,the number of geriatric syndromes,and types of social activities were significant influencing factors of intrinsic capacity trajectories in community-dwelling older adults(P<0.05).Results A total of 360 participants were assessed at T1,with 58 and 30 lost to follow-up at T2 and T3,development respectively.Ultimately,272 older adults completed the follow-up.The growth mixture modeling identified two trajectory types:a high-score stable group(92.3%,251/272)and a low-score declining group(7.7%,21/272).Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age,grip strength,number of geriatric syndromes,and types of social activities were influencing factors of intrinsic capacity trajectories in community-dwelling older adults(P<0.05).ConclusionsIntrinsic capacity development trajectories in community-dwelling older adults are heterogeneous.Healthcare professionals should focus on older adults with advanced age,lower grip strength,more geriatric syndromes,and fewer types of social activities to assess and manage their intrinsic capacity and formulate targeted interventions at an early stage.
作者
刘雪
肖树芹
温慧敏
范环
李伟姚
Liu Xue;Xiao Shuqin;Wen Huimin;Fan Huan;Li Weiyao(School of Nursing,Capital Medical University,Bejing 100069,China;Department of Nasal Allergy,Bejing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100730,China;Department of Internal Medicine,Bejing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100730,China)
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2025年第22期2954-2961,共8页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
基金
国家自然科学基金(72104153)
中华医学会杂志社2022—2023年护理学科研究课题(CMAPH-NRD2022024)。
关键词
老年人
社区
内在能力
轨迹
影响因素
纵向研究
Aged
Community
Intrinsic capacity
Trajectory
Influencing factor
Longitudinal study
