摘要
导水裂缝带高度是保障水体下煤炭资源安全开采的重要指标。针对水体下厚煤层放顶煤开采引用经验公式计算导水裂缝带高度存在的条件不符问题,梳理了经验公式的产生基础,强调了经验公式的适用条件是大采场、单层采厚1~3 m、累计采厚不超过15 m的厚煤层分层开采。基于放顶煤开采顶煤冒放性和采出率的现场实测结果,提出了厚煤层放顶煤开采的有效采厚概念,有效采厚与顶煤采出率密切相关,且导水裂缝带发育高度随有效采厚的增加而增大,基于有效采厚的导水裂缝带高度可以有效避免因顶煤采出率提高而引发的欠估计情况发生。基于覆岩与地表沉陷从非充分采动到充分采动的发展演化事实,引入描述采动程度与导水裂缝带发育高度关系的Boltzmann函数,给出了基于采动程度系数的导水裂缝带最大高度计算方法。
The height of water-conducting fractured zone is an important indicator for ensuring safe mining of coal resources under water bodies.In view of the problems and deficiencies to quote empirical formula for top coal caving in thick coal seams,the basis of the empirical formula is analyzed and the applicable conditions,which are large mining areas,single-layer mining thickness of 1~3 m,and cumulative mining thickness not exceed 15 m for coal seam slice mining,are clarified and emphasized.Based on the field measurement results of the top coal caving property and top coal recovery rate,the concept of effective mining thickness for top coal caving in thick coal seams is proposed.The effective mining thickness is closely related to the recovery rate of the top coal caving and the height of the waterconducting fractured zone increases with the increase of the effective mining thickness.It is shown that the height of the water-conducting fractured zone based on the effective mining thickness can effectively avoid the underestimation caused by the increase of the top coal recovery rate in top coal caving.Based on the evolutionary law of the overburden and surface subsidence from subcritical to critical or supercritical mining,the Boltzmann function is introduced to express the relationship between the critical mining degree and the height of water-conducting fractured zone.A method for calculating the maximum height of the water-conducting fractured zone is provided based on the degree of critical mining.Taking fully into account of the recovery rate of the top coal caving and the degree of critical mining,a technical reference is provided for scientifically calculating the maximum height of the water-conducting fractured zone in thick coal seam top coal caving and the safe mining under water bodies or aquifers can be ensured.
作者
崔希民
车宇航
孙帅辉
李培现
孙灏
许志华
袁德宝
蒋金豹
赵玉玲
MALINOWSKA A
CUI Ximin;CHE Yuhang;SUN Shuaihui;LI Peixian;SUN Hao;XU Zhihua;YUAN Debao;JIANG Jinbao;ZHAO Yuling;MALINOWSKA A(Inner Mongolia Research Institute,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Ordos Inner Mongolia 017000,China;Collage of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Mining and Geomatics Engineering,Heibei University of Technology,Handan Hebei 056038,China;AGH University of Science and Technology,Cracow 30059,Poland)
出处
《矿业科学学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期573-583,共11页
Journal of Mining Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(52274169)
鄂尔多斯市科技重大专项(ZD20232304)
河北省自然科学基金生态智慧矿山联合基金(E2020402086)。
关键词
放顶煤开采
导水裂缝带高度
顶煤采出率
采动程度
有效采厚
top coal caving
height of water-conducting fractuned zone
top coal recovery
critical mining degree
effective mining thickness
