摘要
金属磁性材料在航空航天、汽车工业和电子信息领域有着广泛的应用。随着科技发展,对金属磁性材料的力学性能提出了更高的要求,具有良好力学性能的磁性金属能够提高材料的使用可靠性,并且还能够降低材料的加工成本从而增加经济效益。传统金属磁性材料一般为金属间化合物或者非晶态化合物,其力学性能表现为强度和塑性不可兼得。高熵合金具有优异的力学性能,并且其固溶体的本质允许其有更多的成分选择空间以及可以选择多种强化方式对力学性能进行优化。利用高熵合金设计理念可以选择高浓度的磁性元素(Fe、Co、Ni)为基底元素来提供磁矩,通过组织调控合金的力学性能和磁学性能,这有助于设计具有优异力学性能和磁学性能的新型磁性合金。首先简单介绍了目前常用的几种强化高熵合金力学性能的方式,然后介绍了FeCoNi基高熵磁性合金与磁性功能相关的研究进展。着重介绍了几种设计具有良好力学性能高熵软磁合金的方式;其次介绍了FeCoNi基高熵磁性合金在作为永磁材料、磁热材料、高频磁性材料方面的研究进展。着重讨论了高熵软磁合金现有研究存在的问题,展望了FeCoNi基高熵磁性合金未来的发展趋势。
Metallic magnetic materials are extensively utilized in aerospace,the automotive industry,and electronic information technologies.With advancements in science and technology,the demand for enhanced mechanical properties in these materials has intensified.Magnetic metals exhibiting superior mechanical characteristics can significantly improve material reliability,reduce processing costs,and enhance economic benefits.Traditionally,metallic magnetic materials have been comprised of intermetallic or amorphous compounds,which often struggle to achieve a simultaneous balance between strength and plasticity.High-entropy alloys(HEAs)offer remarkable mechanical properties,with their solid solution nature providing greater flexibility in compositional selection and multiple strengthening mechanisms to optimize these properties.By employing the design principles of high-entropy alloys,one can select a high concentration of magnetic elements such as Fe,Co,and Ni as the foundational components,thereby enhancing the magnetic moment.The mechanical and magnetic properties of these alloys can be fine-tuned through microstructural adjustments,facilitating the development of novel magnetic alloys with desirable attributes.This review begins with a brief overview of several commonly employed strategies to enhance the mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys.It subsequently discusses the research advancements concerning the magnetic functionalities of these alloys.Various approaches to design high-entropy soft magnetic alloys with commendable mechanical properties are also presented.Furthermore,the progress of FeCoNi-based magnetic high-entropy alloys as permanent magnets,magnetocaloric materials,and high-frequency magnetic materials is examined.The review concludes by addressing the existing challenges in the current research landscape of soft magnetic high-entropy alloys and projecting future development trends in this field.
作者
董培林
李颉
金立川
李晋锋
钟智勇
DONG Peilin;LI Jie;JIN Lichuan;LI Jinfeng;ZHONG Zhiyong(School of Electronic Science and Engineering,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China;Institute of Materials,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621908,China)
出处
《功能材料》
北大核心
2025年第7期7044-7059,7069,共17页
Journal of Functional Materials
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(62171079,52001288)。
关键词
高熵合金
微观组织
力学性能
磁学性能
high entropy alloy
microstructure
mechanical property
magnetic property
