摘要
利用太阳能驱动的光热蒸发器进行海水淡化和污水处理是缓解水资源短缺的有效途径之一,但也存在盐分和污染物在蒸发器中大量沉积的问题,影响器件的循环蒸发性能.本文采用聚氨酯复合碳化稻壳粉末制备了具有三维多孔结构的泡沫基体,进一步在泡沫基体上层修饰疏水性聚吡咯,构建了上层疏水/下层亲水的不对称润湿性Janus结构光热蒸发器.研究发现,该蒸发器在1 kW/m^(2)的太阳光照射下具有1.33 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1)的最优盐水蒸发效率和1.29 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1)的污水蒸发效率,且展现出良好的可循环性能.
Harvesting clean water from seawater and wastewater based on solar-driven evaporators is emerging as one of the most promising ways to alleviate the shortage of water resources today.However,it also faces a typical defect of massive deposition of salts and pollutants in the functional evaporator,which generally influences the cyclic evaporation performance of the device.To address this problem,in this work a featured foam with a 3D porous structure was first prepared by combining polyurethane foam and carbonized rice husk powders.Then,the hydrophobic polypyrrole was introduced in the upper layer of this foam matrix to construct a Janus solar evaporator with asymmetric wettability while the upper layer shows hydrophobicity and the lower layer allows hydrophilicity.The results indicated the Janus solar evapovator demonstrates a maximum brine evaporation rate of 1.33 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1) and wastewater evaporation rate of 1.29 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1) under solar irradiation of 1 kW/m^(2),combining with good cycle stability.In addition,the introduction of organic polyurethane networks also endows the Janus evaporator with excellent structural stability,which can be fabricated and tailored to various sizes and shapes for large-scale applica⁃tion.
作者
王镇玉
方伟
赵雷
陈辉
王大珩
何漩
杜星
李薇馨
WANG Zhenyu;FANG Wei;ZHAO Lei;CHEN Hui;WANG Daheng;HE Xuan;DU Xing;LI Weixin(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Refractories,Wuhan University of Science&Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)
出处
《高等学校化学学报》
北大核心
2025年第8期115-124,共10页
Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities
基金
国家自然科学基金(批准号:22105151,52305211)
湖北省重点研究计划项目(批准号:2022BAA094)
湖北省自然科学基金(批准号:2024AFB836,2023AFB626)
武汉市知识创新工程(批准号:2022010801010306)
绿色化学工程过程教育部重点实验室开放项目(批准号:GCP2022003)
武汉市青年科技昭阳计划项目(批准号:whkx202203)
武汉科技大学“十四五”湖北省优势特色学科(群)项目(批准号:2023A0305)资助.
关键词
碳化稻壳
聚吡咯
Janus结构
光热蒸发器
抗污染性能
Carbonized rice husk
Polypyrrole
Janus structure
Solar-driven evaporator
Anti-pollution property
