摘要
超高温陶瓷聚合物前驱体作为浸渍裂解工艺(precursor infiltration pyrolysis,PIP)制备的关键基础原料,其化学成分与组织结构会严重影响裂解后陶瓷基体的微观形貌及性能,进而影响后续制备的陶瓷基复合材料性能.本综述根据过渡金属原子在前驱体结构中的不同位点与形成结构分类,介绍了近年来国内外对锆基、铪基、高熵陶瓷基等超高温陶瓷聚合物前驱体的设计策略与化学合成方法研究进展,并分析了不同结构前驱体及其合成方法在溶解性、裂解陶瓷产率与性能、工艺难度等方面的影响.分析表明,现有前驱体结构设计与合成方法在大规模制备高性能陶瓷基复材方面仍存在局限性,同时对未来超高温陶瓷聚合物前驱体结构设计及合成方法的发展方向进行展望,为进一步工业化制备高性能超高温陶瓷基复合材料提供参考.
Ultra-high temperature ceramic polymer precursors,as key raw materials in the precursor infiltration pyrolysis(PIP)process,significantly influence the microstructure and properties of the resulting ceramic matrix after pyrolysis,thereby affecting the performance of the subsequently prepared ceramic matrix composites.Based on the classification of transition metal atoms at different sites and their formed structures in the precursor,this paper reviews recent domestic and international research progress in the design strategies and chemical synthesis methods of zirconium-based,hafnium-based,and high-entropy ceramic matrix ultra-high temperature ceramic polymer precursors.The effects of different precursor structures and their synthesis methods on solubility,ceramic yield,performance,and process difficulty are analyzed.The analysis indicates that existing precursor design and synthesis methods still face limitations in the large-scale production of high-performance ceramic matrix composites.Furthermore,future development directions for the structural design and synthesis methods of ultra-high temperature ceramic polymer precursors are discussed,providing a reference for the industrial preparation of high-performance ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites.
作者
林先秋
夏雨然
宋煜玉
曹晔洁
LIN Xian-qiu;XIA Yu-ran;SONG Yu-yu;CAO Ye-jie(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;The Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University,Ningbo 315103,China)
出处
《高分子通报》
北大核心
2025年第7期1033-1055,共23页
Polymer Bulletin
基金
陕西省重点研发计划(项目号2024CY-GJHX-13)
超高温结构复合材料重点实验室基金。
关键词
超高温陶瓷前驱体
锆基陶瓷
铪基陶瓷
高熵陶瓷
超高温陶瓷基复合材料
Ultra-high temperature ceramic precursors
Zirconium-based ceramics
Hafnium-based ceramics
High-entropy ceramics
Ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites
